做网站职业咋样,怎么做wordpress主题模板,中国最大免费h5游戏源码网站,泉州网站建设网站建设目录 一、参考资料
二、RAC环境配置清单
1.主机环境
2.共享存储
3.IP地址
4.虚拟机
三、系统参数配置
1. 配置网卡
1.1 配置NAT网卡
1.2 配置HostOnly网卡
2. 修改主机名
3. 配置/etc/hosts
4. 关闭防火墙
5. 关闭Selinux
6. 配置内核参数
7. 配置grid、oracle…目录 一、参考资料
二、RAC环境配置清单
1.主机环境
2.共享存储
3.IP地址
4.虚拟机
三、系统参数配置
1. 配置网卡
1.1 配置NAT网卡
1.2 配置HostOnly网卡
2. 修改主机名
3. 配置/etc/hosts
4. 关闭防火墙
5. 关闭Selinux
6. 配置内核参数
7. 配置grid、oracle用户的shell限制
8. 配置/etc/pam.d/login文件
9. 创建组和用户
10. 创建目录并授权
11. 配置grid和oracle环境变量
12. 挂载镜像
13. 配置yum源
14. 安装依赖包
四、配置共享存储
1. 配置虚拟机共享磁盘
2. 配置udev
2.1 CentOS 6生成脚本
2.2 CentOS 7 生成脚本
2.3 udev规则配置文件
五、grid安装
1. 上传grid、oracle安装包和补丁包
2. 修改包权限
3. grid用户解压grid安装包
4. 第一个补丁安装
5. 安装grid
5.1 跳过更新
5.2 安装配置GI集群
5.3 高级安装
5.4 语言选择
5.5 集群名和scan名
5.6 添加第二个节点
5.7 配置ssh
5.8 确认网卡属性
5.9 使用ASM
5.10 选择OCR磁盘
5.11 设置密码
5.12 不选择智能平台管理
5.13 ASM实例权限分组
5.14 安装目录
5.15 grid安装清单
5.16 环境检测
5.17 检测结果
5.18 打补丁并执行脚本
5.19 最后100% bug报错
5.20 完成grid安装
6. 多个报错
7. 安装失败卸载GI
7.1 执行./deinstall命令
7.2 节点2root执行脚本
7.3 节点1root执行脚本
7.4 继续执行脚本
7.5 清理asm磁盘
7.6 清理残留文件
六、创建ASM磁盘组
1. 显示ASM实例情况
2. OCR磁盘组
3. 创建磁盘组
4. 查看磁盘组状态
5. 创建磁盘组报错
5.1 删除磁盘组
5.2 root用户删除磁盘组资源
七、database软件安装
1. 解压安装包
2. 执行安装
3. 不勾选安全更新
4. 跳过更新
5. 只安装数据库软件
6. 配置ssh
7. 选择语言
8. 选企业版
9. 安装目录
10. 属组
11. 自动检测环境
12. 开始安装
13. bug报错
14. 两个节点用root执行脚本
15.完成安装
八、dbca建库
1. 创建rac集群
2. 创建数据库
3. 选择数据库类型
4. 数据库名和实例名前缀
5. 不配置EM
6. 用相同的密码
7. 多路复用
8. 不使用快速恢复区暂不开启归档
9.安装的组件
10. 使用ASMM
11. 自定义连接数
12. 字符集和初始化参数
13. 开始创建
14. 完成安装
九、备库清单
十、备库配置
十一、ADG搭建
1. 主库
1.1 开启归档
1.2 修改归档路径
1.3 开启强制日志
1.4 添加standby日志
1.5 配置静态监听
1.6 配置TNSNAMES
1.7 配置参数
1.8 密码文件
2. 备库
2.1 配置静态监听
2.2 配置tnsnames
2.3 备库创建pfile文件
2.4 启动备库
3. 开始复制
4. 复制完成打开备库
5. 验证数据是否同步
6. ADG开关步骤
6.1 关闭ADG
6.2 启动ADG
十二、相关视图 一、参考资料
Requirements for Installing Oracle 11.2.0.4 RDBMS on OL7 or RHEL7 64-bit (x86-64) (Doc ID 1962100.1)Installation walk-through - Oracle Grid/RAC 11.2.0.4 on Oracle Linux 7 (Doc ID 1951613.1)
二、RAC环境配置清单
以下是在VMwareWorkstation 17 Pro中安装测试
1.主机环境
节点1节点2hostnamerac11g_1rac11g_2CPU2*22*2内存8G8GSWAP8G8G本地盘100G100G
2.共享存储
磁盘组大小冗余方式用途OCR2G*3NormalOCR、Votedisk表决磁盘DATA40GExternal控制文件、数据文件、redo等FRA15GExternal归档、闪回文件等
3.IP地址
节点1节点2Public IP192.168.23.101192.168.23.102VIP192.168.23.103192.168.23.104Private IP12.12.12.1212.12.12.13Scan IP192.168.23.105192.168.23.105
4.虚拟机
每个虚拟机两块网卡节点之间的网卡名称要一致比如都为ens33、ens36业务public ip网卡用NAT模式私有网络Private IP网卡用HostOnly模式本地硬盘可以不立即分配空间主机名不要使用大写字母系统为CentOS 7.9CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-2009.iso设置好一个节点可把二节点直接克隆出来改IP
三、系统参数配置
安装前的准备工作分别在两个节点操作
1. 配置网卡
1.1 配置NAT网卡
[rootlocalhost ~]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts
[rootlocalhost network-scripts]# vi ifcfg-ens33
#修改
BOOTPROTOstatic
ONBOOTyes
IPADDR192.168.23.101#重启网卡
[rootlocalhost ~]# ifdown ens33 ifup ens33
1.2 配置HostOnly网卡
由于是创建完虚拟机后新增的HostOnly网卡没有配置文件可以通过下面方式去新增配置文件
使用nmcli con show命令获取ens36网卡的uuid
[rootrac11g_1 ~]# nmcli con show
NAME UUID TYPE DEVICE
ens33 405f5126-93bf-472d-970a-f4e2a707c544 ethernet ens33
Wired connection 1 b98743f7-f514-3b5f-82c8-ef2ac042ef57 ethernet ens36
virbr0 83e51f05-6627-4910-8b85-b5c2e1b3f683 bridge virbr0
使用ip addr命令获取ens36网卡的mac地址
[rootrac11g_1 ~]# ip addr
1: lo: LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lovalid_lft forever preferred_lft foreverinet6 ::1/128 scope hostvalid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000link/ether 00:0c:29:69:93:11 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet 192.168.23.101/24 brd 192.168.23.255 scope global secondary noprefixroute ens33valid_lft forever preferred_lft foreverinet6 fe80::98a6:6bd5:2267:8f06/64 scope link noprefixroutevalid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: ens36: BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000link/ether 00:0c:29:69:93:1b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet 192.168.80.128/24 brd 192.168.80.255 scope global noprefixroute dynamic ens36valid_lft 1543sec preferred_lft 1543secinet6 fe80::61e9:798:194b:1dc3/64 scope link noprefixroutevalid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
4: virbr0: NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 52:54:00:ce:35:59 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
5: virbr0-nic: BROADCAST,MULTICAST mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master virbr0 state DOWN group default qlen 1000link/ether 52:54:00:ce:35:59 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 复制ens33网卡的配置文件下面是修改的内容
[rootrac11g_1 ~]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
[rootrac11g_1 network-scripts]# cp ifcfg-ens33 ifcfg-ens36
[rootrac11g_1 network-scripts]# vi ifcfg-ens36
#修改后
NAMEens36
UUIDb98743f7-f514-3b5f-82c8-ef2ac042ef57
DEVICEens36
IPADDR12.12.12.13#重启ens36网卡
[rootrac11g_1 network-scripts]# ifdown ens36 ifup ens36
2. 修改主机名
[rootlocalhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname rac11g_1
[rootlocalhost ~]# hostname
rac11g_1
3. 配置/etc/hosts
[rootrac11g_1 ~]# vi /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6#Public IP
192.168.23.101 rac11g_1
192.168.23.102 rac11g_2#VIP
192.168.23.103 rac11g_1-vip
192.168.23.104 rac11g_2-vip#Private IP
12.12.12.12 rac11g_1-private
12.12.12.13 rac11g_2-private#Scan IP
192.168.23.105 rac11g-scan
4. 关闭防火墙
[rootrac11g_1 ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service
[rootrac11g_1 ~]# systemctl disable firewalld.service
[rootrac11g_1 ~]# systemctl status firewalld.service
5. 关闭Selinux
[rootrac11g_1 ~]# vi /etc/selinux/config
#修改为
SELINUXdisabled#生效
[rootrac11g_1 ~]# setenforce 0
6. 配置内核参数
[rootrac11g_1 ~]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf
kernel.shmmax 4294967296
kernel.shmall 1048576
kernel.shmmni 4096
fs.aio-max-nr 1048576
fs.file-max 6815744
kernel.sem 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default 262144
net.core.rmem_max 4194304
net.core.wmem_default 262144
net.core.wmem_max 1048586#使配置生效
[rootrac11g_1 ~]# sysctl -p
参数说明kernel.shmmax单个共享内存段最大值让数据库在一个共享段里容纳整个SGA。举例假设有8G内存数据库最大使用内存不要超过物理内存的80%SGAPGA所以8G内存情况下SGA要小于4.8GPGA要小于1.6G计算shmmax值最大为4.8Gx1024x1024x10245153960755kernel.shmall控制共享内存页数shmmax/PAGESIZEgetconf PAGESIZE 查看PAGESIZEkernel.shmmni共享内存段的最大数量默认fs.aio-max-nr可以拥有的异步IO请求数避免IO系统故障默认fs.file-max允许的文件句柄最大数目默认kernel.sem空格不能去掉信号参数默认net.ipv4.ip_local_port_rangeoracle本地ipv4端口范围net.core.rmem_default默认net.core.rmem_max默认net.core.wmem_default默认net.core.wmem_max默认vm.nr_hugepages大内存页默认4K/页数据库建议用2M/页该参数一定要大于SGA。计算方式sga_max_size/2M100~500M。8G内存情况下SGA最大4.8G4.8x1024/22457.6加一点得2600 注意 kernel.sem这个参数 四个数字第1个数字应约大于Oracle进程数第2个数字建议是第1和第4个数字的乘积。这个参数能够满足大部分使用但对于连接数较高比如单节点8000个连接可以设置为 10000 1280000 512 1024kernel.shmall physical RAM size / pagesize For most systems, this will be the value 2097152. See Note 301830.1 for more information.前为官方文档说明但是有些教程是shmmax/pagesizekernel.shmmax 1/2 of physical RAM. This would be the value 2147483648 for a system with 4GB of physical RAM. See Note:567506.1 for more information.kernel.shmmax定义了单个共享内存段的最大值要放下整个数据库SGA内存的大小。要大于sga_mas_sizelimits文件里配置的memlock要大于或等于kernel.shmmaxvm.nr_hugepages一定要计算正确错误的设置会导致虚拟机启动失败(这里我没用该参数) 7. 配置grid、oracle用户的shell限制
[rootrac11g_1 ~]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf
grid soft nproc 2047
grid hard nproc 16384
grid soft nofile 1024
grid hard nofile 65536
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle hard memlock unlimited
oracle soft memlock unlimited 说明 soft代表软件限制hard代表硬件限制 软件限制到了会报警硬件限制到了会报错 nproc参数操作系统级别对每个用户创建的进程数的限制 nofile参数文件描述符句柄一个进程能够打开文件的次数也就是一个进程能打开多少文件影响应用的并发度 stack参数堆大小 memlock参数限制锁定内存的大小单位KB略低于物理内存 8. 配置/etc/pam.d/login文件
[rootrac11g_1 ~]# vi /etc/pam.d/login
#加入
session required pam_limits.so
9. 创建组和用户
[rootrac11g_1 ~]# groupadd -g 1001 oinstall
[rootrac11g_1 ~]# groupadd -g 1002 dba
[rootrac11g_1 ~]# groupadd -g 1003 oper
[rootrac11g_1 ~]# groupadd -g 1004 asmadmin
[rootrac11g_1 ~]# groupadd -g 1005 asmdba
[rootrac11g_1 ~]# groupadd -g 1006 asmoper
[rootrac11g_1 ~]# useradd -u 1100 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper,oper,dba grid
[rootrac11g_1 ~]# useradd -u 1101 -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba,oper oracle#修改grid和oracle密码
[rootrac11g_1 ~]# passwd grid
[rootrac11g_1 ~]# passwd oracle10. 创建目录并授权
[rootrac11g_1 ~]# mkdir -p /home/u01/app/11.2.0/grid
[rootrac11g_1 ~]# mkdir -p /home/u01/app/grid
[rootrac11g_1 ~]# mkdir -p /home/u01/app/oracle
[rootrac11g_1 ~]# chown -R grid:oinstall /home/u01
[rootrac11g_1 ~]# chown oracle:oinstall /home/u01/app/oracle
[rootrac11g_1 ~]# chmod -R 775 /home/u01/
11. 配置grid和oracle环境变量
grid
[gridrac11g_1 ~]$ vi .bash_profile
export ORACLE_BASE/home/u01/app/grid
export ORACLE_HOME/home/u01/app/11.2.0/grid
export ORACLE_SIDASM1
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH$ORACLE_HOME/lib
export NLS_DATE_FORMATyyyy-mm-dd HH24:MI:SS
export PATH$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export NLS_LANGAMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8
umask 022
[gridrac11g_1 ~]$ source .bash_profile
oracle
[oraclerac11g_1 ~]$ vi .bash_profile
export ORACLE_BASE/home/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
export ORACLE_SIDrac1
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH$ORACLE_HOME/lib
export NLS_DATE_FORMATyyyy-mm-dd HH24:MI:SS
export TMP/tmp
export TMPDIR$TMP
export PATH$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export NLS_LANGAMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8
umask 022
[oraclerac11g_1 ~]$ source .bash_profile
12. 挂载镜像
[rootrac11g_1 ~]# cd /soft/
[rootrac11g_1 soft]# mount CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-2009.iso /media/
13. 配置yum源
[rootrac11g_1 ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[rootrac11g_1 yum.repos.d]# mkdir bak
[rootrac11g_1 yum.repos.d]# mv CentOS-* bak
[rootrac11g_1 yum.repos.d]# cd bak
[rootrac11g_1 bak]# cp CentOS-Media.repo ..
[rootrac11g_1 bak]# cd ..
[rootrac11g_1 yum.repos.d]# vi CentOS-Media.repo
[c7-media]
nameCentOS-$releasever - Media
baseurlfile:///media/
gpgcheck0
enabled1
[rootrac11g_1 yum.repos.d]# yum clean all
[rootrac11g_1 yum.repos.d]# yum makecache
14. 安装依赖包
[rootrac11g_1 yum.repos.d]# yum -y install binutils compat-libcap1 gcc gcc-c glibc glibc-devel libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc libstdc-devel libXi libXtst make sysstat elfutils-libelf-devel unixODBC unixODBC-devel[rootrac11g_1 soft]# rpm -ivh compat-libstdc-33-3.2.3-72.el7.x86_64.rpm
[rootrac11g_1 soft]# rpm -ivh pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5_8.1.x86_64.rpm说明 compat-libstdc-33-3.2.3-72.el7.x86_64.rpm包需要单独上传安装pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5_8.1.x86_64.rpm包需要单独上传安装cvuqdisk-1.0.9-1.rpm包在解压后的grid安装包grid/rpm下如果安装pdksh包的时候有冲突把冲突的那个包卸载了 四、配置共享存储
使用VM虚拟机本身添加共享存储这种方式比较方便平常自己搭建测试环境用这种就行
1. 配置虚拟机共享磁盘
关闭两台虚拟机节点1-【编辑虚拟机设置】-【添加】-【硬盘】-【SCSI】-【创建新的虚拟磁盘】-设置磁盘大小立即分配所有磁盘空间将虚拟磁盘存储为单个文件-下一步完成-创建完成-确定再选中刚才创建的磁盘-【高级】-虚拟设备节点选择SCSI10增加多块盘按顺序选择勾选独立永久节点2添加-硬盘-选择“使用现有虚拟磁盘”-下一步-选择节点1下的vmdk磁盘文件-完成-高级-选择SCSI10勾选独立-确定两台编辑虚拟机vmx配置文件加入下面配置
disk.lockingfalse
scsi1.sharedBusvirtual
scsi1:0.deviceType disk多个磁盘的就加多条
scsi1:1.deviceType disk多个磁盘的就加多条
scsi1:2.deviceType disk多个磁盘的就加多条
scsi1:3.deviceType disk多个磁盘的就加多条
diskLib.dataCacheMaxSize0
diskLib.dataCacheMaxReadAheadSize0
diskLib.DataCacheMinReadAheadSize0
diskLib.dataCachePageSize4096
diskLib.maxUnsyncedWrites0
如果【永久】选项是灰色的再加入下面的参数设为独立模式
scsi1:0.mode independent-persistent
scsi1:1.mode independent-persistent
scsi1:2.mode independent-persistent
scsi1:3.mode independent-persistent
启用磁盘UUID编辑虚拟机vmx文件两个节点都增加下面配置
disk.EnableUUID TRUE 注意 用UDEV方式需要用到UUID创建磁盘要用单个文件和立即分配所有空间否则安装的时候共享盘会报错 完成上述操作以后开启虚拟机使用fdisk -l命令分别在节点1、2查看注意查询到磁盘盘符一定要相同
2. 配置udev
以下脚本通过scsi_id获取设备的块设备的唯一标识名wwid
2.1 CentOS 6生成脚本
for i in b c d e f;
do
echo KERNEL\sd*\, BUS\scsi\, PROGRAM\/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device/dev/\$name\,RESULT\/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device/dev/sd$i\,NAME\asm-disk$i\,OWNER\grid\,GROUP\asmadmin\,MODE\0660\
done#或者for i in b c d e f;
do
echo KERNEL\sd*\, BUS\scsi\, PROGRAM\/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d /dev/\$name\,RESULT\/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d /dev/sd$i\,NAME\asm-disk$i\,OWNER\grid\,GROUP\asmadmin\,MODE\0660\
done 注意未分区用 $name分区用 $parent 2.2 CentOS 7 生成脚本
for i in b c d e f;
do
echo KERNEL\sd*\,ENV{DEVTYPE}\disk\, SUBSYSTEM\block\, PROGRAM\/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d \$devnode\,RESULT\/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d /dev/sd$i\,SYMLINK\asm-disk$i\,OWNER\grid\,GROUP\asmadmin\,MODE\0660\
done
2.3 udev规则配置文件
编辑/etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle-asmdevices.rules规则文件加入上面生成的脚本
[rootrac11g_1 ~]# cd /etc/udev/rules.d
[rootrac11g_1 rules.d]# vi 99-oracle-asmdevices.rules
KERNELsd*,ENV{DEVTYPE}disk, SUBSYSTEMblock, PROGRAM/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d $devnode,RESULT36000c29603092ba8de9e904d0bf7427d,SYMLINKasm-ocr1,OWNERgrid,GROUPasmadmin,MODE0660
KERNELsd*,ENV{DEVTYPE}disk, SUBSYSTEMblock, PROGRAM/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d $devnode,RESULT36000c294d210d9cef0f80370939947cb,SYMLINKasm-ocr2,OWNERgrid,GROUPasmadmin,MODE0660
KERNELsd*,ENV{DEVTYPE}disk, SUBSYSTEMblock, PROGRAM/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d $devnode,RESULT36000c294a6b42dcbe65b04f415586c39,SYMLINKasm-ocr3,OWNERgrid,GROUPasmadmin,MODE0660
KERNELsd*,ENV{DEVTYPE}disk, SUBSYSTEMblock, PROGRAM/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d $devnode,RESULT36000c2984687d8b88fd8a907c80d3232,SYMLINKasm-data,OWNERgrid,GROUPasmadmin,MODE0660
KERNELsd*,ENV{DEVTYPE}disk, SUBSYSTEMblock, PROGRAM/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d $devnode,RESULT36000c296e3fe7883081a894d6b840138,SYMLINKasm-arch,OWNERgrid,GROUPasmadmin,MODE0660
把该文件拷贝至节点2该目录下
[rootrac11g_1 rules.d]# scp 99-oracle-asmdevices.rules 192.168.23.102:/etc/udev/rules.d
重新加载规则文件
[rootrac11g_1 rules.d]# /sbin/udevadm trigger --typedevices --actionchange
[rootrac11g_1 rules.d]# /sbin/udevadm control --reload
查看/dev/asm*
[rootrac11g_1 rules.d]# ll /dev/asm*
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 3 Jun 15 14:23 /dev/asm-arch - sdf
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 3 Jun 15 14:23 /dev/asm-data - sde
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 3 Jun 15 14:29 /dev/asm-ocr1 - sdb
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 3 Jun 15 14:23 /dev/asm-ocr2 - sdc
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 3 Jun 15 14:23 /dev/asm-ocr3 - sdd[rootrac11g_1 rules.d]# ll /dev/sd*
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 0 Jun 15 14:19 /dev/sda
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 1 Jun 15 14:19 /dev/sda1
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 2 Jun 15 14:19 /dev/sda2
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 16 Jun 15 15:57 /dev/sdb
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 32 Jun 15 15:57 /dev/sdc
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 48 Jun 15 15:57 /dev/sdd
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 64 Jun 15 15:57 /dev/sde
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 80 Jun 15 15:57 /dev/sdf
五、grid安装
为解决grid安装BUG需要打两个补丁
1. 上传grid、oracle安装包和补丁包
#oracle安装包
p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip
p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip#grid安装包
p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_3of7.zip#第二个补丁包第一个补丁在grid安装包rpm目录下
p18370031_112040_Linux-x86-64.zip
2. 修改包权限
把/soft权限改为775grid安装包权限改为grid:oinstalloracle安装包权限改为oracle:oinstall
[rootrac11g_1 ~]# chmod 775 /soft
[rootrac11g_1 soft]# chown oracle:oinstall p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip
[rootrac11g_1 soft]# chown oracle:oinstall p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip
[rootrac11g_1 soft]# chown grid:oinstall p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_3of7.zip
3. grid用户解压grid安装包
[gridrac11g_1 soft]$ unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_3of7.zip
4. 第一个补丁安装
进入解压后的安装包安装cvuqdisk-1.0.9-1.rpm包
[rootrac11g_1 grid]# cd /soft/grid/rpm
[rootrac11g_1 rpm]# rpm -ivh cvuqdisk-1.0.9-1.rpm
5. 安装grid
[gridrac11g_1 soft]$ cd grid
[gridrac11g_1 grid]$ export DISPLAY192.168.23.1:0.0
[gridrac11g_1 grid]$ ./runInstaller
5.1 跳过更新 5.2 安装配置GI集群 5.3 高级安装 5.4 语言选择
多选了一个简体中文 5.5 集群名和scan名
与hosts文件保持一致scan名称开头不能以数字开头否则监测不到 5.6 添加第二个节点 5.7 配置ssh 5.8 确认网卡属性 5.9 使用ASM 5.10 选择OCR磁盘
修改ASM磁盘路径配置ASM共享磁盘的时候磁盘名在/dev下 OCR把三块盘都选上冗余选Normal 5.11 设置密码
密码设为一样的会给你个弹窗说你密码强度太低yes就行 5.12 不选择智能平台管理 5.13 ASM实例权限分组 5.14 安装目录
grid软件安装路径和base目录grid用户环境变量配置好了的 5.15 grid安装清单 5.16 环境检测 5.17 检测结果
首先点击fixCheck Again 使用root运行修复脚本两个节点都需执行执行完脚本后点击OK会再次检测环境
修复后再安装缺少的包
pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5_8.1.x86_64.rpm包需手动下载安装都安装好后再次检测如下图 Device checks for asm没安装asmlib使用的udev绑定可以忽略 Task resolv.conf integrity这个是因为无法访问设置的DNS ip对安装没影响 勾选Ignore All 进行下一步 5.18 打补丁并执行脚本 注意此时需要打第二个补丁
第一个脚本先在两个节点分别执行第二个脚本执行前需要先打补丁因为在7下执行脚本会报错官方说需要先打p18370031_112040_Linux-x86-64.zip这个补丁
#grid用户
[gridrac11g_1 ~]$ cd /soft/
[gridrac11g_1 soft]$ unzip p18370031_112040_Linux-x86-64.zip#节点1,grid用户
[gridrac11g_1 ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch
[gridrac11g_1 OPatch]$./opatch napply -local /soft/18370031#节点2,grid用户解压安装同节点1
[gridrac11g_1 soft]$ scp /soft/p18370031_112040_Linux-x86-64.zip rac11g_2:/soft/#安装完成用./opatch lsinventory命令检查两节点是否打上
打补丁过程
[gridrac11gstd OPatch]$ ./opatch napply -local /soft/18370031
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 11.2.0.3.4
Copyright (c) 2012, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.Oracle Home : /home/u01/app/11.2.0/grid
Central Inventory : /home/u01/app/oraInventoryfrom : /home/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/oraInst.loc
OPatch version : 11.2.0.3.4
OUI version : 11.2.0.4.0
Log file location : /home/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2024-06-17_02-58-51AM_1.logVerifying environment and performing prerequisite checks...
OPatch continues with these patches: 18370031Do you want to proceed? [y|n]
y
User Responded with: Y
All checks passed.Please shutdown Oracle instances running out of this ORACLE_HOME on the local system.
(Oracle Home /home/u01/app/11.2.0/grid)Is the local system ready for patching? [y|n]
y
User Responded with: Y
Backing up files...
Applying interim patch 18370031 to OH /home/u01/app/11.2.0/gridPatching component oracle.crs, 11.2.0.4.0...Verifying the update...
Patch 18370031 successfully applied.
Log file location: /home/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2024-06-17_02-58-51AM_1.logOPatch succeeded.
下面继续执行第二个脚本节点1执行成功后再在第二个节点执行两个节点都执行成功后点击OK
这里放一下节点1执行第二个脚本的内容
[rootrac11g_1 ~]# /home/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/root.sh
Performing root user operation for Oracle 11gThe following environment variables are set as:ORACLE_OWNER gridORACLE_HOME /home/u01/app/11.2.0/gridEnter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...Creating /etc/oratab file...
Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
Using configuration parameter file: /home/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/crsconfig_params
Creating trace directory
User ignored Prerequisites during installation
Installing Trace File Analyzer
OLR initialization - successfulroot walletroot wallet certroot cert exportpeer walletprofile reader walletpa walletpeer wallet keyspa wallet keyspeer cert requestpa cert requestpeer certpa certpeer root cert TPprofile reader root cert TPpa root cert TPpeer pa cert TPpa peer cert TPprofile reader pa cert TPprofile reader peer cert TPpeer user certpa user cert
Adding Clusterware entries to oracle-ohasd.service
CRS-2672: Attempting to start ora.mdnsd on rac11g_1
CRS-2676: Start of ora.mdnsd on rac11g_1 succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start ora.gpnpd on rac11g_1
CRS-2676: Start of ora.gpnpd on rac11g_1 succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start ora.cssdmonitor on rac11g_1
CRS-2672: Attempting to start ora.gipcd on rac11g_1
CRS-2676: Start of ora.cssdmonitor on rac11g_1 succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of ora.gipcd on rac11g_1 succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start ora.cssd on rac11g_1
CRS-2672: Attempting to start ora.diskmon on rac11g_1
CRS-2676: Start of ora.diskmon on rac11g_1 succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of ora.cssd on rac11g_1 succeededASM created and started successfully.Disk Group OCR created successfully.clscfg: -install mode specified
Successfully accumulated necessary OCR keys.
Creating OCR keys for user root, privgrp root..
Operation successful.
CRS-4256: Updating the profile
Successful addition of voting disk 59619274ab3f4f96bfbfa86bc4c6286a.
Successful addition of voting disk 2c6cbedca0a84fa6bf5800e580bc6994.
Successful addition of voting disk 50ee34ae3e134f92bf225a1c3081dfee.
Successfully replaced voting disk group with OCR.
CRS-4256: Updating the profile
CRS-4266: Voting file(s) successfully replaced
## STATE File Universal Id File Name Disk group
-- ----- ----------------- --------- ---------1. ONLINE 59619274ab3f4f96bfbfa86bc4c6286a (/dev/asm-ocr1) [OCR]2. ONLINE 2c6cbedca0a84fa6bf5800e580bc6994 (/dev/asm-ocr2) [OCR]3. ONLINE 50ee34ae3e134f92bf225a1c3081dfee (/dev/asm-ocr3) [OCR]
Located 3 voting disk(s).
CRS-2672: Attempting to start ora.asm on rac11g_1
CRS-2676: Start of ora.asm on rac11g_1 succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start ora.OCR.dg on rac11g_1
CRS-2676: Start of ora.OCR.dg on rac11g_1 succeeded
Configure Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Cluster ... succeeded5.19 最后100% bug报错
这个错误是官方要求DNS属于bug忽略点击ok 点击skip 点击nextyes 5.20 完成grid安装 6. 多个报错
如果没有打p18370031_112040_Linux-x86-64.zip补丁
执行/home/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/root.sh时报错卡很久并报下面的错误 解决办法
方法1
/bin/dd if/var/tmp/.oracle/npohasd of/dev/null bs1024 count1
方法2
[rootrac11g_1 init.d]# cd /var/tmp/.oracle
[rootrac11g_1 .oracle]# rm -rf npohasd
[rootrac11g_1 .oracle]# touch npohasd
[rootrac11g_1 .oracle]# chmod 755 npohasd
方法3
1. 创建服务ohas.service的服务文件并赋予权限
touch /usr/lib/systemd/system/ohas.servicechmod 777 /usr/lib/systemd/system/ohas.service2. 往ohas.service服务文件添加启动ohasd的相关信息vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/ohas.service添加如下内容[Unit]
DescriptionOracle High Availability Services
Aftersyslog.target[Service]
ExecStart/etc/init.d/init.ohasd run /dev/null 21 Typesimple
Restartalways[Install]
WantedBymulti-user.target 3. 加载启动服务重新加载守护进程systemctl daemon-reload设置守护进程开机自动启动systemctl enable ohas.service手工启动ohas服务systemctl start ohas.service
第一节点再次执行/home/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/root.sh脚本成功 第二节点用同样的方法报错如下
[rootrac11g_2 tmp]# /home/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/root.sh
Performing root user operation for Oracle 11gThe following environment variables are set as:ORACLE_OWNER gridORACLE_HOME /home/u01/app/11.2.0/gridEnter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:
The contents of dbhome have not changed. No need to overwrite.
The contents of oraenv have not changed. No need to overwrite.
The contents of coraenv have not changed. No need to overwrite.Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
Using configuration parameter file: /home/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/crsconfig_params
User ignored Prerequisites during installation
Installing Trace File Analyzer
CRS-2672: Attempting to start ora.cssdmonitor on rac11g_2
CRS-2676: Start of ora.cssdmonitor on rac11g_2 succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start ora.cssd on rac11g_2
CRS-2672: Attempting to start ora.diskmon on rac11g_2
CRS-2676: Start of ora.diskmon on rac11g_2 succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of ora.cssd on rac11g_2 succeededMounting Disk Group OCR failed with the following message:
ORA-15032: not all alterations performed
ORA-15017: diskgroup OCR cannot be mounted
ORA-15003: diskgroup OCR already mounted in another lock name spaceConfiguration of ASM ... failed
see asmca logs at /home/u01/app/grid/cfgtoollogs/asmca for details
Did not succssfully configure and start ASM at /home/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/crsconfig_lib.pm line 6912.
/home/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/perl/bin/perl -I/home/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/perl/lib -I/home/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install /home/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/rootcrs.pl execution failed
原因两个节点执行/home/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/root.sh脚本其实是没有同时执行的可能是节点一执行成功后没释放还有就是配置共享存储时没有设置为独立和立即分配所有空间
解决办法
用root用户进入GI_HOME/install执行./rootcrs.pl -deconfig -force
然后又报错
[rootrac11g_1 install]# /home/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/rootcrs.pl -deconfig -force -verbose
Cant locate Env.pm in INC (INC contains: /usr/local/lib64/perl5 /usr/local/share/perl5 /usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/lib64/perl5 /usr/share/perl5 . /home/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install) at crsconfig_lib.pm line 703.
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at crsconfig_lib.pm line 703.
Compilation failed in require at /home/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/rootcrs.pl line 305.
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at /home/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/rootcrs.pl line 305.
解决上述错误,复制Env.pm
cp -p /home/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/perl/lib/5.10.0/Env.pm /usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl/
再次执行./rootcrs.pl -deconfig -force
[rootrac11g_1 5.10.0]# /home/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/rootcrs.pl -deconfig -force -verbose
Using configuration parameter file: /home/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/crsconfig_params
Network exists: 1/192.168.23.0/255.255.255.0/ens33, type static
VIP exists: /rac11g_1-vip/192.168.23.103/192.168.23.0/255.255.255.0/ens33, hosting node rac11g_1
GSD exists
ONS exists: Local port 6100, remote port 6200, EM port 2016
CRS-2791: Starting shutdown of Oracle High Availability Services-managed resources on rac11g_1
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ora.crsd on rac11g_1
CRS-2790: Starting shutdown of Cluster Ready Services-managed resources on rac11g_1
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ora.OCR.dg on rac11g_1
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ora.oc4j on rac11g_1
CRS-2677: Stop of ora.oc4j on rac11g_1 succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of ora.OCR.dg on rac11g_1 succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ora.asm on rac11g_1
CRS-2677: Stop of ora.asm on rac11g_1 succeeded
CRS-2792: Shutdown of Cluster Ready Services-managed resources on rac11g_1 has completed
CRS-2677: Stop of ora.crsd on rac11g_1 succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ora.ctssd on rac11g_1
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ora.evmd on rac11g_1
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ora.asm on rac11g_1
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ora.mdnsd on rac11g_1
CRS-2677: Stop of ora.evmd on rac11g_1 succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of ora.mdnsd on rac11g_1 succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of ora.ctssd on rac11g_1 succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of ora.asm on rac11g_1 succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ora.cluster_interconnect.haip on rac11g_1
CRS-2677: Stop of ora.cluster_interconnect.haip on rac11g_1 succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ora.cssd on rac11g_1
CRS-2677: Stop of ora.cssd on rac11g_1 succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ora.crf on rac11g_1
CRS-2677: Stop of ora.crf on rac11g_1 succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ora.gipcd on rac11g_1
CRS-2677: Stop of ora.gipcd on rac11g_1 succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ora.gpnpd on rac11g_1
CRS-2677: Stop of ora.gpnpd on rac11g_1 succeeded
CRS-2793: Shutdown of Oracle High Availability Services-managed resources on rac11g_1 has completed
CRS-4133: Oracle High Availability Services has been stopped.
Successfully deconfigured Oracle clusterware stack on this node 没有打补丁报一系列错误有点麻烦
7. 安装失败卸载GI
7.1 执行./deinstall命令
[rootrac11g_1 ~]# su - grid
[gridrac11g_1 ~]$ cd /home/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/deinstall
[gridrac11g_1 deinstall]$ ./deinstall
Checking for required files and bootstrapping ...
Please wait ...
Location of logs /tmp/deinstall2024-06-13_03-33-37PM/logs/############ ORACLE DEINSTALL DECONFIG TOOL START ##################################### CHECK OPERATION START #########################
## [START] Install check configuration ##Checking for existence of the Oracle home location /home/u01/app/11.2.0/grid
Oracle Home type selected for deinstall is: Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Cluster
Oracle Base selected for deinstall is: /home/u01/app/grid
Checking for existence of central inventory location /home/u01/app/oraInventory
Checking for existence of the Oracle Grid Infrastructure home
The following nodes are part of this cluster: rac11g_1,rac11g_2
Checking for sufficient temp space availability on node(s) : rac11g_1,rac11g_2## [END] Install check configuration ##Traces log file: /tmp/deinstall2024-06-13_03-33-37PM/logs//crsdc.log
Enter an address or the name of the virtual IP used on node rac11g_1[rac11g_1-vip]The following information can be collected by running /sbin/ifconfig -a on node rac11g_1
Enter the IP netmask of Virtual IP 192.168.23.103 on node rac11g_1[255.255.255.0]Enter the network interface name on which the virtual IP address 192.168.23.103 is activeEnter an address or the name of the virtual IP used on node rac11g_2[rac11g_2-vip]The following information can be collected by running /sbin/ifconfig -a on node rac11g_2
Enter the IP netmask of Virtual IP 192.168.23.104 on node rac11g_2[255.255.255.0]Enter the network interface name on which the virtual IP address 192.168.23.104 is activeEnter an address or the name of the virtual IP[]Network Configuration check config STARTNetwork de-configuration trace file location: /tmp/deinstall2024-06-13_03-33-37PM/logs/netdc_check2024-06-13_03-34-36-PM.logSpecify all RAC listeners (do not include SCAN listener) that are to be de-configured [LISTENER,LISTENER_SCAN1]:Network Configuration check config ENDAsm Check Configuration STARTASM de-configuration trace file location: /tmp/deinstall2024-06-13_03-33-37PM/logs/asmcadc_check2024-06-13_03-34-48-PM.logASM configuration was not detected in this Oracle home. Was ASM configured in this Oracle home (y|n) [n]: y
Is OCR/Voting Disk placed in ASM y|n [n]: yEnter the OCR/Voting Disk diskgroup name []:
Specify the ASM Diagnostic Destination [ ]:
Specify the diskstring []:
Specify the diskgroups that are managed by this ASM instance []:######################### CHECK OPERATION END ################################################ CHECK OPERATION SUMMARY #######################
Oracle Grid Infrastructure Home is:
The cluster node(s) on which the Oracle home deinstallation will be performed are:rac11g_1,rac11g_2
Oracle Home selected for deinstall is: /home/u01/app/11.2.0/grid
Inventory Location where the Oracle home registered is: /home/u01/app/oraInventory
Following RAC listener(s) will be de-configured: LISTENER,LISTENER_SCAN1
ASM instance will be de-configured from this Oracle home
Do you want to continue (y - yes, n - no)? [n]: y
A log of this session will be written to: /tmp/deinstall2024-06-13_03-33-37PM/logs/deinstall_deconfig2024-06-13_03-33-42-PM.out
Any error messages from this session will be written to: /tmp/deinstall2024-06-13_03-33-37PM/logs/deinstall_deconfig2024-06-13_03-33-42-PM.err######################## CLEAN OPERATION START ########################
ASM de-configuration trace file location: /tmp/deinstall2024-06-13_03-33-37PM/logs/asmcadc_clean2024-06-13_03-36-40-PM.log
ASM Clean Configuration START
ASM Clean Configuration ENDNetwork Configuration clean config STARTNetwork de-configuration trace file location: /tmp/deinstall2024-06-13_03-33-37PM/logs/netdc_clean2024-06-13_03-36-44-PM.logDe-configuring RAC listener(s): LISTENER,LISTENER_SCAN1De-configuring listener: LISTENERStopping listener: LISTENERWarning: Failed to stop listener. Listener may not be running.
Listener de-configured successfully.De-configuring listener: LISTENER_SCAN1Stopping listener: LISTENER_SCAN1Warning: Failed to stop listener. Listener may not be running.
Listener de-configured successfully.De-configuring Naming Methods configuration file on all nodes...
Naming Methods configuration file de-configured successfully.De-configuring Local Net Service Names configuration file on all nodes...
Local Net Service Names configuration file de-configured successfully.De-configuring Directory Usage configuration file on all nodes...
Directory Usage configuration file de-configured successfully.De-configuring backup files on all nodes...
Backup files de-configured successfully.The network configuration has been cleaned up successfully.Network Configuration clean config END----------------------------------------The deconfig command below can be executed in parallel on all the remote nodes. Execute the command on the local node after the execution completes on all the remote nodes.Run the following command as the root user or the administrator on node rac11g_2./tmp/deinstall2024-06-13_03-33-37PM/perl/bin/perl -I/tmp/deinstall2024-06-13_03-33-37PM/perl/lib -I/tmp/deinstall2024-06-13_03-33-37PM/crs/install /tmp/deinstall2024-06-13_03-33-37PM/crs/install/rootcrs.pl -force -deconfig -paramfile /tmp/deinstall2024-06-13_03-33-37PM/response/deinstall_Ora11g_gridinfrahome1.rspRun the following command as the root user or the administrator on node rac11g_1./tmp/deinstall2024-06-13_03-33-37PM/perl/bin/perl -I/tmp/deinstall2024-06-13_03-33-37PM/perl/lib -I/tmp/deinstall2024-06-13_03-33-37PM/crs/install /tmp/deinstall2024-06-13_03-33-37PM/crs/install/rootcrs.pl -force -deconfig -paramfile /tmp/deinstall2024-06-13_03-33-37PM/response/deinstall_Ora11g_gridinfrahome1.rsp -lastnodePress Enter after you finish running the above commands----------------------------------------7.2 节点2root执行脚本
[rootrac11g_2 install]# /tmp/deinstall2024-06-13_03-33-37PM/perl/bin/perl -I/tmp/deinstall2024-06-13_03-33-37PM/perl/lib -I/tmp/deinstall2024-06-13_03-33-37PM/crs/install /tmp/deinstall2024-06-13_03-33-37PM/crs/install/rootcrs.pl -force -deconfig -paramfile /tmp/deinstall2024-06-13_03-33-37PM/response/deinstall_Ora11g_gridinfrahome1.rsp
Using configuration parameter file: /tmp/deinstall2024-06-13_03-33-37PM/response/deinstall_Ora11g_gridinfrahome1.rsp
****Unable to retrieve Oracle Clusterware home.
Start Oracle Clusterware stack and try again.
CRS-4047: No Oracle Clusterware components configured.
CRS-4000: Command Stop failed, or completed with errors.
################################################################
# You must kill processes or reboot the system to properly #
# cleanup the processes started by Oracle clusterware #
################################################################
Either /etc/oracle/olr.loc does not exist or is not readable
Make sure the file exists and it has read and execute access
Either /etc/oracle/olr.loc does not exist or is not readable
Make sure the file exists and it has read and execute access
Failure in execution (rc-1, 256, No such file or directory) for command /etc/init.d/ohasd deinstall
Successfully deconfigured Oracle clusterware stack on this node
7.3 节点1root执行脚本
_03-33-37PM/crs/install/rootcrs.pl -force -deconfig -paramfile /tmp/deinstall2024-06-13_03-33-37PM/response/deinstall_Ora11g_gridinfrahome1.rsp -lastnode
Using configuration parameter file: /tmp/deinstall2024-06-13_03-33-37PM/response/deinstall_Ora11g_gridinfrahome1.rspAdding Clusterware entries to inittab
/crs/install/inittab does not exist.
****Unable to retrieve Oracle Clusterware home.
Start Oracle Clusterware stack and try again.
****Unable to retrieve Oracle Clusterware home.
Start Oracle Clusterware stack and try again.
****Unable to retrieve Oracle Clusterware home.
Start Oracle Clusterware stack and try again.
****Unable to retrieve Oracle Clusterware home.
Start Oracle Clusterware stack and try again.
****Unable to retrieve Oracle Clusterware home.
Start Oracle Clusterware stack and try again.
Either /etc/oracle/ocr.loc does not exist or is not readable
Make sure the file exists and it has read and execute access
Either /etc/oracle/ocr.loc does not exist or is not readable
Make sure the file exists and it has read and execute access
CRS-4047: No Oracle Clusterware components configured.
CRS-4000: Command Stop failed, or completed with errors.
Either /etc/oracle/ocr.loc does not exist or is not readable
Make sure the file exists and it has read and execute access
Either /etc/oracle/ocr.loc does not exist or is not readable
Make sure the file exists and it has read and execute access
################################################################
# You must kill processes or reboot the system to properly #
# cleanup the processes started by Oracle clusterware #
################################################################
Either /etc/oracle/ocr.loc does not exist or is not readable
Make sure the file exists and it has read and execute access
Either /etc/oracle/ocr.loc does not exist or is not readable
Make sure the file exists and it has read and execute access
Either /etc/oracle/olr.loc does not exist or is not readable
Make sure the file exists and it has read and execute access
Either /etc/oracle/olr.loc does not exist or is not readable
Make sure the file exists and it has read and execute access
Failure in execution (rc-1, 256, No such file or directory) for command /etc/init.d/ohasd deinstall
error: package cvuqdisk is not installed
Successfully deconfigured Oracle clusterware stack on this node7.4 继续执行脚本
两个节点执行完成后原窗口按回车继续
Setting the force flag to false
Setting the force flag to cleanup the Oracle Base
Oracle Universal Installer clean STARTDetach Oracle home /home/u01/app/11.2.0/grid from the central inventory on the local node : DoneDelete directory /home/u01/app/11.2.0/grid on the local node : DoneDelete directory /home/u01/app/oraInventory on the local node : DoneDelete directory /home/u01/app/grid on the local node : DoneDetach Oracle home /home/u01/app/11.2.0/grid from the central inventory on the remote nodes rac11g_2 : DoneDelete directory /home/u01/app/11.2.0/grid on the remote nodes rac11g_2 : DoneDelete directory /home/u01/app/oraInventory on the remote nodes rac11g_2 : DoneDelete directory /home/u01/app/grid on the remote nodes rac11g_2 : DoneOracle Universal Installer cleanup was successful.Oracle Universal Installer clean END## [START] Oracle install clean ##Clean install operation removing temporary directory /tmp/deinstall2024-06-13_03-33-37PM on node rac11g_1
Clean install operation removing temporary directory /tmp/deinstall2024-06-13_03-33-37PM on node rac11g_2## [END] Oracle install clean ########################### CLEAN OPERATION END ################################################ CLEAN OPERATION SUMMARY #######################
ASM instance was de-configured successfully from the Oracle home
Following RAC listener(s) were de-configured successfully: LISTENER,LISTENER_SCAN1
Oracle Clusterware is stopped and successfully de-configured on node rac11g_2
Oracle Clusterware is stopped and successfully de-configured on node rac11g_1
Oracle Clusterware is stopped and de-configured successfully.
Successfully detached Oracle home /home/u01/app/11.2.0/grid from the central inventory on the local node.
Successfully deleted directory /home/u01/app/11.2.0/grid on the local node.
Successfully deleted directory /home/u01/app/oraInventory on the local node.
Successfully deleted directory /home/u01/app/grid on the local node.
Successfully detached Oracle home /home/u01/app/11.2.0/grid from the central inventory on the remote nodes rac11g_2.
Successfully deleted directory /home/u01/app/11.2.0/grid on the remote nodes rac11g_2.
Successfully deleted directory /home/u01/app/oraInventory on the remote nodes rac11g_2.
Successfully deleted directory /home/u01/app/grid on the remote nodes rac11g_2.
Oracle Universal Installer cleanup was successful.Run rm -rf /etc/oraInst.loc as root on node(s) rac11g_1,rac11g_2 at the end of the session.Run rm -rf /opt/ORCLfmap as root on node(s) rac11g_1,rac11g_2 at the end of the session.
Run rm -rf /etc/oratab as root on node(s) rac11g_1 at the end of the session.
Oracle deinstall tool successfully cleaned up temporary directories.
#################################################################################### ORACLE DEINSTALL DECONFIG TOOL END #############7.5 清理asm磁盘
如果使用了asm磁盘需要先清理asm磁盘因为尝试了一次安装你的ASM磁盘就被标记为used不能再作为候选磁盘要想再次使用需要执行下面的操作两个节点都操作下。
[rootrac11g_1 ~]# dd if/dev/zero of/dev/asm-ocr1 bs1024 count100
[rootrac11g_1 ~]# dd if/dev/zero of/dev/asm-ocr2 bs1024 count100
[rootrac11g_1 ~]# dd if/dev/zero of/dev/asm-ocr3 bs1024 count100
7.6 清理残留文件
删除残留文件两个节点都清理下
[rootrac11g_1 app]# rm -rf /etc/ora*
[rootrac11g_1 app]# rm -rf /u01/app/grid/11.2.0/*
[rootrac11g_1 app]# rm -rf /u01/app/oraInventory
[rootrac11g_1 app]# rm -rf /etc/oraInst.loc
[rootrac11g_1 app]# rm -rf /etc/oracle/ocr.loc
六、创建ASM磁盘组
grid用户执行asmca
[gridrac11g_1 grid]$ asmca
1. 显示ASM实例情况 2. OCR磁盘组
安装grid时创建的OCR及votdisk磁盘组OCR 3. 创建磁盘组 点击Create创建DATA和FRA磁盘组 注意共享磁盘一定要设置为独立和立即分配所有空间 4. 查看磁盘组状态
[gridrac11g_1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysasmSQL select name,state from v$asm_diskgroup;
NAME STATE
------------------------------ ---------------------------------
DATA MOUNTED
FRA MOUNTED
OCR MOUNTED5. 创建磁盘组报错
如果共享磁盘没有设置为独立和立即分配空间则节点2无法挂载磁盘组需要先删除磁盘组再删除磁盘组资源然后去虚拟机重新删除磁盘再新建磁盘重新加入udev规则文件
5.1 删除磁盘组
磁盘组为mount时
SQL drop diskgroup diskgroup_name;如果磁盘组中有任何的数据需要加入including contents,SQL drop diskgroup diskgroup_name including contents;如果磁盘组无法mount 就需要加上force该操作会清楚磁盘头及磁盘组所有数据
SQL drop diskgroup diskgroup_name force including contents;SQL drop diskgroup DATA force including contents;Diskgroup dropped.另一个选项excluding contents 是默认选项该操作仅在磁盘组为空的情况下进行如果不是会报错。另外建议创建磁盘组或者其他测试时避免直接使用test 可以使用testdg ,test_tb等避免关键字相关问题
5.2 root用户删除磁盘组资源
[rootrac11g_1 ~]# /home/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/crsctl delete resource ora.DATA.dg
七、database软件安装
1. 解压安装包
[rootrac11g_1 ~]# su - oracle
[oraclerac11g_1 ~]$ cd /soft
[oraclerac11g_1 soft]$ unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip
[oraclerac11g_1 soft]$ unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip
2. 执行安装
[oraclerac11g_1 soft]$ export DISPLAY192.168.23.1:0.0
[oraclerac11g_1 soft]$ cd database/
[oraclerac11g_1 database]$ ./runInstaller
3. 不勾选安全更新 4. 跳过更新 5. 只安装数据库软件 6. 配置ssh 7. 选择语言
选上简体中文 8. 选企业版 9. 安装目录 10. 属组 11. 自动检测环境 忽略所有 12. 开始安装 13. bug报错 56%的时候会报这个错这是CentOS7下安装11gR2的bug 处理方法
只在节点1做处理备份一下这个文件ins_emagent.mk然后在文件中搜索NMECTL在括号后面加上 -lnnz11保存
[rootrac11g_1 ~]# cd /home/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/sysman/lib
[rootrac11g_1 lib]# cp ins_emagent.mk ins_emagent.mk_bak20240614
[rootrac11g_1 lib]# vi ins_emagent.mk 然后点击retry 14. 两个节点用root执行脚本 15.完成安装
执行完脚本后 八、dbca建库
[oraclerac11g_1 database]$ dbca
1. 创建rac集群
rac集群(选这个)rac单节点单实例 2. 创建数据库 3. 选择数据库类型
事务性自定义(选这个)数据仓库 4. 数据库名和实例名前缀 5. 不配置EM 6. 用相同的密码 7. 多路复用 8. 不使用快速恢复区暂不开启归档 9.安装的组件 10. 使用ASMM SGAPGA要小于物理内存的80%推荐范围在40-60% 本环境物理内存8G留给grid集群1G余7G用于分配SGAPGA 7Gx80%5.6G SGA5.6x80%4587M 我给的3584M PGA5.6x20%1146M 我给的980M 最后4564/1024/855%在推荐范围内 11. 自定义连接数 12. 字符集和初始化参数
选择UTF8 修改open_cursor为500 默认专用模式 可以修改最大数据文件数量其他参数可以根据自己生产情况来设置 13. 开始创建
需要一些时间完成创建 14. 完成安装 九、备库清单
备库是RAC单节点
节点1hostnamerac11gstdCPU2*2内存8GSWAP8G本地盘100G
共享存储
磁盘组大小冗余方式用途OCR1G*3NormalOCR、Votedisk表决磁盘DATA25GExternal控制文件、数据文件、redo等FRA10GExternal归档、闪回文件等 IP地址
节点1Public IP192.168.23.110VIP192.168.23.112Private IP13.13.13.13Scan IP192.168.23.114
虚拟机
虚拟机两块网卡业务public ip网卡用NAT模式私有网络Private IP网卡用HostOnly模式本地硬盘可以不立即分配空间主机名不要使用大写字母系统为CentOS 7.9CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-2009.iso
十、备库配置
同主库相同的方法配置
共享存储配置、grid安装、oracle软件安装和主库相同
十一、ADG搭建
1. 主库
1.1 开启归档
shutdown immediate;
startup mount;
alter database archivelog;
alter database open;
archive log list;1.2 修改归档路径
alter system set log_archive_dest_1locationFRA;
1.3 开启强制日志
alter database force logging;
1.4 添加standby日志
创建主库standby日志文件每个实例的组数要比logfile多一组 standby logfile(1logfile组数)*thread(12)*26
SQL select * from v$logGROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES BLOCKSIZE MEMBERS ARC STATUS FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIME NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------------- ------------- ------------------- ------------ -------------------1 1 79 52428800 512 2 NO INACTIVE 892360 2024-06-14 15:32:50 917066 2024-06-16 18:37:442 1 80 52428800 512 2 NO CURRENT 917066 2024-06-16 18:37:44 2.8147E143 2 1 52428800 512 2 NO CURRENT 896190 2024-06-14 15:33:02 2.8147E14 2024-06-14 15:33:024 2 0 52428800 512 2 YES UNUSED 0 0添加standby日志
alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 5 size 200m;
alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 6 size 200m;
alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 7 size 200m;
alter database add standby logfile thread 2 group 8 size 200m;
alter database add standby logfile thread 2 group 9 size 200m;
alter database add standby logfile thread 2 group 10 size 200m;
由于添加standby log和redo log大小不一样修改主库redo log的大小
添加日志组
alter database add logfile thread 1 group 11 size 200m;
alter database add logfile thread 1 group 12 size 200m;
alter database add logfile thread 2 group 13 size 200m;
alter database add logfile thread 2 group 14 size 200m;切换日志组另一个实例也执行
alter system switch logfile;删除日志组等状态为INACTIVE的时候可删除
alter database drop logfile group 1;
alter database drop logfile group 2;
alter database drop logfile group 3;
alter database drop logfile group 4;添加日志组
alter database add logfile thread 1 group 1 size 200m;
alter database add logfile thread 1 group 2 size 200m;
alter database add logfile thread 2 group 3 size 200m;
alter database add logfile thread 2 group 4 size 200m;切换日志组另一个实例也执行
alter system switch logfile;删除日志组等状态为INACTIVE的时候可删除
alter database drop logfile group 11;
alter database drop logfile group 12;
alter database drop logfile group 13;
alter database drop logfile group 14;
1.5 配置静态监听
用grid用户在$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/listener.ora文件中添加GLOBAL_DBNAME配置为db_unique_nameSID_NAME配置为该节点ORACLE_SID
节点1
SID_LIST_LISTENER (SID_LIST (SID_DESC (GLOBAL_DBNAME zsorcl)(ORACLE_HOME /home/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)(SID_NAME zsorcl1)))
节点2
SID_LIST_LISTENER (SID_LIST (SID_DESC (GLOBAL_DBNAME zsorcl)(ORACLE_HOME /home/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)(SID_NAME zsorcl2)))
重启监听
lsnrctl stop
lsnrctl start
1.6 配置TNSNAMES
oracle用户在$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora文件中添加其中zsorcl_p的host配置为public ip、VIPservice_name配置为listener.ora文件中的GLOBAL_DBNAME也就是主库的db_unique_name两个节点相同zsorcl_s的service_name为备库db_unique_name
zsorcl_p (DESCRIPTION (ADDRESS_LIST (ADDRESS (PROTOCOL TCP)(HOST 192.168.23.101)(PORT 1521))(ADDRESS (PROTOCOL TCP)(HOST 192.168.23.103)(PORT 1521))(ADDRESS (PROTOCOL TCP)(HOST 192.168.23.102)(PORT 1521))(ADDRESS (PROTOCOL TCP)(HOST 192.168.23.104)(PORT 1521)))(CONNECT_DATA (serverdedicated)(SERVICE_NAME zsorcl)))zsorcl_s (DESCRIPTION (ADDRESS_LIST (ADDRESS (PROTOCOL TCP)(HOST 192.168.23.110)(PORT 1521))(ADDRESS (PROTOCOL TCP)(HOST 192.168.23.112)(PORT 1521)))(CONNECT_DATA (serverdedicated)(SERVICE_NAME zsorcldg)))
测试连接
tnsping zsorcl_p
tnsping zsorcl_s
1.7 配置参数
修改db_unique_name需要重启如果不修改主库的这个参数可以不用重启ASM情况下最好不要修改默认会减到OMF指定DG下的db_unique_name路径下如果修改了那么convert参数需要注意设置全至少两个转换路径。#zsorcl是主库db_unique_name,zsorcldg是备库db_unique_name
alter system set log_archive_configdg_config(zsorcl,zsorcldg) scopeboth sid*;#配置本地归档
alter system set log_archive_dest_1locationfra valid_for(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_namezsorcl scopeboth sid*;
alter system set log_archive_dest_state_1enable;#service是tnsnames.ora中备库的tns名
alter system set log_archive_dest_2servicezsorcl_s lgwr async valid_for(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_namezsorcldg scopeboth sid*;
alter system set log_archive_dest_state_2enable;alter system set fal_server‘zsorcl_s’ scopeboth sid*;#只用于物理备库。该参数设置成AUTO的时候主库中添加和删除数据文件的同时备库中也会自动的进行相应的更改默认情况值为MANUAL
alter system set standby_file_managementAUTO scopeboth sid*;alter system set fal_serverzsorcl_s scopeboth sid*;#前面是备库的数据文件路径后面是主库的数据文件路径需要重启生效
alter system set db_file_name_convertDATA,DATA scopespfile sid*;#前面是备库的日志文件路径后面是主库的日子文件路径需要重启生效
alter system set log_file_name_convertDATA,DATA scopespfile sid*;#归档命名格式
alter system set log_archive_format%t_%s_%r.arch scopespfile sid*;
保护模式
最大保护最大可用最大性能Redo archival processLGWRLGWRLGWR or ARCHNetwork transmission modeSYNCSYNCSYNC or ASYNC when using LGWR process. SYNC if using ARCH processDisk write optionAFFIRMAFFIRMAFFIRM or NOAFFIRMStandby redo log required?YESYESNo, but it is recommended AFFIRM表示主数据库上的REDO LOG只有被写入到从数据库的standby log才算有效。ASYNC(异步)在事务提交之前由事务生成的重做数据不需要在具有该属性的目的地接收到。默认则为 ASYNCSYNC(同步)事务生成的重做数据必须在事务提交之前被每个启用了该属性的目的地接收。 用LGWR传输大致如下 1主库只要有新的重做日志产生LGWR进程将触发LNSn进程把新生成的日志传输到备库注意这里不能由LGWR直接传输因为整个数据库实例只有一个LGWR为了保证它的主要业务性能不受影响不能由它直接传输 2备库RFS进程接收到日志后将其写入Standby重做日志如果备库开启了实时应用就立即做日志应用如果没有开启则等Standby重做日志归档后再应用。 3其中ASYNC和SYNC的区别在于SYNC是在redo还在内存时LNSn进程就开始传输而ASYNC是在redo缓冲到online redo log后LNSn才开始传输。 ARCH方式 arch方式是指主库在被操作过程中操作记录不断写入联机重做日志文件中redo日志中直到该组日志容量被写满触发归档进程生成归档日志然后再将归档日志通过网络发送给备库。 从同步的实时性来看LGWR(SYNC) LGWR(ASYNC ARCH 1.8 密码文件
复制主库密码文件至备库备库修改密码文件名为orapwzsorcl1备库的实例名叫zsorcl1
[oraclerac11g_1 dbs]$ scp orapwzsorcl1 oracle192.168.23.110:/home/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs
2. 备库
2.1 配置静态监听
[gridrac11gstd admin]$ vi listener.ora
#加入以下参数
SID_LIST_LISTENER (SID_LIST (SID_DESC (GLOBAL_DBNAME zsorcldg)(ORACLE_HOME /home/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)(SID_NAME zsorcl1)))#重启监听
[gridrac11gstd admin]$ lsnrctl reload
2.2 配置tnsnames
把主库的tnsnames.ora文件复制到备库
[oraclerac11g_1 admin]$ scp tnsnames.ora oracle192.168.23.110:/home/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/
2.3 备库创建pfile文件
主库创建pfile文件复制至备库/home/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs下修改
[oraclerac11g_1 ~]$sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL create pfile/home/oracle/pfile_std.ora from spfile;
[oraclerac11g_1 ~]$ scp pfile_std.ora oracle192.168.23.110:/home/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs
备库pfile文件
[oraclerac11gstd dbs]$ cat pfile_std.ora
*.cluster_databasetrue
*.compatible11.2.0.4.0
*.db_create_file_destDATA
*.db_create_online_log_dest_1DATA
*.db_create_online_log_dest_2FRA
*.db_domain
*.db_file_name_convertDATA,DATA
*.db_namezsorcl
*.db_unique_namezsorcldg
*.diagnostic_dest/home/u01/app/oracle
*.dispatchers(PROTOCOLTCP) (SERVICEzsorclXDB)
*.fal_serverzsorcl_p
zsorcl1.instance_number1
*.log_archive_configdg_config(zsorcl,zsorcldg)
*.log_archive_dest_1locationfra valid_for(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_namezsorcldg
*.log_archive_dest_2servicezsorcl_p lgwr async valid_for(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_namezsorcl
*.log_archive_format%t_%s_%r.arch
*.log_file_name_convertDATA,DATA
*.open_cursors500
*.processes500
*.remote_listenerrac11gstd-scan:1521
*.remote_login_passwordfileexclusive
*.sessions555
*.standby_file_managementAUTO
zsorcl1.thread1
zsorcl1.undo_tablespaceUNDOTBS1
2.4 启动备库
启动至nomount状态
[oraclerac11gstd dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL startup nomount pfile/home/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/pfile_std.ora;
3. 开始复制
主库节点1 oracle用户执行
[oraclerac11g_1 ~]$ rman target sys/oraclezsorcl_p auxiliary sys/oraclezsorcl_s
执行复制命令这个命令可以直接恢复数据文件、standby日志文件和控制文件。
RMAN run {
allocate channel ch1 type disk;
allocate channel ch2 type disk;
allocate channel ch3 type disk;
allocate channel ch4 type disk;
allocate auxiliary channel ch5 type disk;
allocate auxiliary channel ch6 type disk;
duplicate target database for standby from active database nofilenamecheck;
release channel ch1;
release channel ch2;
release channel ch3;
release channel ch4;
release channel ch5;
release channel ch6;
} contents of Memory Script:
{sql clone alter database mount standby database;
}
executing Memory Scriptsql statement: alter database mount standby database
released channel: ch1
released channel: ch2
released channel: ch3
released channel: ch4
released channel: ch5
released channel: ch6
RMAN-00571:
RMAN-00569: ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS
RMAN-00571:
RMAN-03002: failure of Duplicate Db command at 06/19/2024 11:44:46
RMAN-05501: aborting duplication of target database
RMAN-03015: error occurred in stored script Memory Script
RMAN-03009: failure of sql command on clone_default channel at 06/19/2024 11:44:46
RMAN-11003: failure during parse/execution of SQL statement: alter database mount standby database
ORA-00201: control file version 11.2.0.4.0 incompatible with ORACLE version 11.2.0.0.0
ORA-00202: control file: DATA/zsorcldg/controlfile/current.256.1172087029RMAN
备库pfile里面一定要加版本否则报版本不一致错误 注意 由于备库是没有通过dbca建库备库oracle用户的$ORACLE_HOME/bin/oracle权限不正确复制过程会报错。如果可执行文件$ORACLE_HOME/bin/oracle的属主或权限设定出了问题那么可能会造成很多问题。例如无法登陆到数据库、ora-600错误、“TNS-12518: TNS:listener could not hand off client connection”、“Linux Error: 32: Broken pipe”、“ORA-12537: TNS:connection closed”、访问ASM磁盘出错等。解决办法很简单可以在grid用户下运行setasmgidwrap命令重新配置oracle用户的$ORACLE_HOME/bin/oracle可执行文件的权限和属主或者直接将oracle文件的权限修改为6751。$ORACLE_HOME/bin/oracle可执行文件正确属主应该是oracle:asmadmin并且权限必须有s才可以。我修改过后重启了备库服务器才复制成功没重启的时候方法对了还是不行。 #grid用户
[gridrac11gstd ~]$ setasmgidwrap -o /home/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/oracle
#root用户
[rootrac11gstd ~]# cd /home/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin
[rootrac11gstd bin]# chmod 6751 oracle
[rootrac11gstd bin]# ll oracle
-rwsr-s--x 1 oracle asmadmin 239501536 Jun 14 14:10 oracle
备库完成上面文件属组和权限修改后完整的复制过程
[oraclerac11g_1 ~]$ rman target sys/oraclezsorcl_p auxiliary sys/oraclezsorcl_sRecovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Wed Jun 19 11:48:52 2024Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.connected to target database: ZSORCL (DBID3108552649)
connected to auxiliary database: ZSORCL (not mounted)RMAN run {
allocate channel ch1 type disk;
allocate channel ch2 type disk;
allocate channel ch3 type disk;
allocate channel ch4 type disk;
allocate auxiliary channel ch5 type disk;
allocate auxiliary channel ch6 type disk;
duplicate target database for standby from active database nofilenamecheck;
release channel ch1;
release channel ch2;
release channel ch3;
release channel ch4;
release channel ch5;
release channel ch6;
}using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ch1
channel ch1: SID402 instancezsorcl1 device typeDISKallocated channel: ch2
channel ch2: SID594 instancezsorcl1 device typeDISKallocated channel: ch3
channel ch3: SID202 instancezsorcl1 device typeDISKallocated channel: ch4
channel ch4: SID403 instancezsorcl1 device typeDISKallocated channel: ch5
channel ch5: SID10 instancezsorcl1 device typeDISKallocated channel: ch6
channel ch6: SID203 instancezsorcl1 device typeDISKStarting Duplicate Db at 2024-06-19 11:48:57contents of Memory Script:
{backup as copy reusetargetfile /home/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/orapwzsorcl1 auxiliary format/home/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/orapwzsorcl1 ;
}
executing Memory ScriptStarting backup at 2024-06-19 11:48:57
Finished backup at 2024-06-19 11:48:58contents of Memory Script:
{backup as copy current controlfile for standby auxiliary format DATA/zsorcldg/controlfile/current.257.1172087339;restore clone controlfile to FRA/zsorcldg/controlfile/current.257.1172087339 fromDATA/zsorcldg/controlfile/current.257.1172087339;sql clone create spfile from memory;shutdown clone immediate;startup clone nomount;sql clone alter system set control_files DATA/zsorcldg/controlfile/current.257.1172087339, FRA/zsorcldg/controlfile/current.257.1172087339 commentSet by RMAN scopespfile;shutdown clone immediate;startup clone nomount;
}
executing Memory ScriptStarting backup at 2024-06-19 11:48:58
channel ch1: starting datafile copy
copying standby control file
output file name/home/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/snapcf_zsorcl1.f tagTAG20240619T114858 RECID2 STAMP1172058539
channel ch1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 2024-06-19 11:49:00Starting restore at 2024-06-19 11:49:00channel ch6: skipped, AUTOBACKUP already found
channel ch5: copied control file copy
Finished restore at 2024-06-19 11:49:09sql statement: create spfile from memoryOracle instance shut downconnected to auxiliary database (not started)
Oracle instance startedTotal System Global Area 342425600 bytesFixed Size 2253024 bytes
Variable Size 285216544 bytes
Database Buffers 50331648 bytes
Redo Buffers 4624384 bytes
allocated channel: ch5
channel ch5: SID580 instancezsorcl1 device typeDISK
allocated channel: ch6
channel ch6: SID10 instancezsorcl1 device typeDISKsql statement: alter system set control_files DATA/zsorcldg/controlfile/current.257.1172087339, FRA/zsorcldg/controlfile/current.257.1172087339 comment Set by RMAN scopespfileOracle instance shut downconnected to auxiliary database (not started)
Oracle instance startedTotal System Global Area 342425600 bytesFixed Size 2253024 bytes
Variable Size 285216544 bytes
Database Buffers 50331648 bytes
Redo Buffers 4624384 bytes
allocated channel: ch5
channel ch5: SID580 instancezsorcl1 device typeDISK
allocated channel: ch6
channel ch6: SID10 instancezsorcl1 device typeDISKcontents of Memory Script:
{sql clone alter database mount standby database;
}
executing Memory Scriptsql statement: alter database mount standby database
RMAN-05529: WARNING: DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT resulted in invalid ASM names; names changed to disk group only.contents of Memory Script:
{set newname for tempfile 1 todata;switch clone tempfile all;set newname for datafile 1 todata;set newname for datafile 2 todata;set newname for datafile 3 todata;set newname for datafile 4 todata;set newname for datafile 5 todata;backup as copy reusedatafile 1 auxiliary formatdata datafile2 auxiliary formatdata datafile3 auxiliary formatdata datafile4 auxiliary formatdata datafile5 auxiliary formatdata ;sql alter system archive log current;
}
executing Memory Scriptexecuting command: SET NEWNAMErenamed tempfile 1 to data in control fileexecuting command: SET NEWNAMEexecuting command: SET NEWNAMEexecuting command: SET NEWNAMEexecuting command: SET NEWNAMEexecuting command: SET NEWNAMEStarting backup at 2024-06-19 11:50:02
channel ch1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number00003 nameDATA/zsorcl/datafile/undotbs1.261.1171638355
channel ch2: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number00001 nameDATA/zsorcl/datafile/system.259.1171638351
channel ch3: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number00002 nameDATA/zsorcl/datafile/sysaux.260.1171638353
channel ch4: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number00004 nameDATA/zsorcl/datafile/undotbs2.263.1171638361
output file nameDATA/zsorcldg/datafile/undotbs2.261.1172087403 tagTAG20240619T115002
channel ch4: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
channel ch4: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number00005 nameDATA/zsorcl/datafile/users.264.1171638361
output file nameDATA/zsorcldg/datafile/system.259.1172087403 tagTAG20240619T115002
channel ch2: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:16
output file nameDATA/zsorcldg/datafile/users.262.1172087419 tagTAG20240619T115002
channel ch4: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
output file nameDATA/zsorcldg/datafile/undotbs1.258.1172087403 tagTAG20240619T115002
channel ch1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:19
output file nameDATA/zsorcldg/datafile/sysaux.260.1172087403 tagTAG20240619T115002
channel ch3: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:18
Finished backup at 2024-06-19 11:50:21sql statement: alter system archive log currentcontents of Memory Script:
{switch clone datafile all;
}
executing Memory Scriptdatafile 1 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID2 STAMP1172087428 file nameDATA/zsorcldg/datafile/system.259.1172087403
datafile 2 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID3 STAMP1172087428 file nameDATA/zsorcldg/datafile/sysaux.260.1172087403
datafile 3 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID4 STAMP1172087428 file nameDATA/zsorcldg/datafile/undotbs1.258.1172087403
datafile 4 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID5 STAMP1172087428 file nameDATA/zsorcldg/datafile/undotbs2.261.1172087403
datafile 5 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID6 STAMP1172087429 file nameDATA/zsorcldg/datafile/users.262.1172087419
Finished Duplicate Db at 2024-06-19 11:50:37released channel: ch1released channel: ch2released channel: ch3released channel: ch4released channel: ch5released channel: ch6RMAN
4. 复制完成打开备库
打开备库并且开启实时日志应用
#关闭数据库
shutdown immediate#启动数据库
startup#查看当前open_mode,备库是read only状态
select database_role,protection_mode,protection_level,open_mode from v$database;#查看归档日志进程
select process,client_process,sequence#,status from v$managed_standby;#备库开启日志实时应用
recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;#查看归档日志进程此时多了一个进程MRP0
select process,client_process,sequence#,status from v$managed_standby; 备库应用主库日志时有无using current logfile选项的区别 无using current logfile主库切换日志后备库才从归档文件挖掘出变化然后应用到库文件中。有using current logfile备库根据接收到的redo信息实时应用到备库上即便是最大性能。 5. 验证数据是否同步
主库操作
create user zs identified by oracle;grant dba to zs;conn zs/oraclecreate table test_sync(id number);select count(*) from test_sync;COUNT(*)
----------0beginfor i in 1..10000 loopinsert into test_sync values (520);end loop;end;
/commit;select count(*) from test_sync;COUNT(*)
----------10000
备库查看数据是否过来
select count(*) from test_sync;COUNT(*)
----------10000
ADG验证完毕
6. ADG开关步骤
6.1 关闭ADG
主库shutdown 备库取消应用归档日志 关闭备库 关闭主库和备库的监听
1主库上SQL shutdown immediate2备库上SQL alter database recover managed standby database cancel;3备库上SQL shutdown immediate4停止监听主库
[gridrac11g_1 ~]$ lsnrctl stop
[gridrac11g_2 ~]$ lsnrctl stop备库
[gridrac11gstd ~]$ lsnrctl stop
6.2 启动ADG
启动主库和备库监听 启动备库 启动主库 切换主库日志
1主库和备库
[gridrac11g_1 ~]$ lsnrctl start
[gridrac11g_2 ~]$ lsnrctl start[gridrac11gstd ~]$ lsnrctl start2启动备库
SQL startup nomount
SQL alter database mount standby database;
SQL alter database open;
SQL alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;3启动主库
SQL startup
至此oracle 11g rac rac 单节点 ADG搭建完毕
十二、相关视图
查看保护模式
select database_role,protection_mode,protection_level,open_mode from v$database;
查看归档日志进程
select process,client_process,sequence#,status from v$managed_standby;
查看备库已经归档的redo
SELECT REGISTRAR, CREATOR, THREAD#, SEQUENCE#, FIRST_CHANGE#, NEXT_CHANGE# FROM V$ARCHIVED_LOG;
查看备库已经应用的 redo SELECT THREAD#, SEQUENCE#, FIRST_CHANGE#, NEXT_CHANGE# FROM V$LOG_HISTORY;
查看备库接收 , 应用redo数据过程
SELECT MESSAGE FROM V$DATAGUARD_STATUS;
查看备库上的日志接收情况
select status,target,archiver,error,process from v$archive_dest;
查看当前序列号
archive log list;
