php做网站自动生成前台吗,广州专业网站建设企业,wordpress皮肤下载,丹阳网站建设多少钱dockerfile 简介
Dockerfile 是⼀个⽤来构建镜像的⽂本⽂件#xff0c;⽂本内容包含了⼀条条构建镜像所需的指令和 说明#xff0c;每条指令构建⼀层#xff0c;最终构建出⼀个新的镜像。
docker镜像的本质是⼀个分层的⽂件系统
centos的iso镜像⽂件是包含bootfs和rootfs…dockerfile 简介
Dockerfile 是⼀个⽤来构建镜像的⽂本⽂件⽂本内容包含了⼀条条构建镜像所需的指令和 说明每条指令构建⼀层最终构建出⼀个新的镜像。
docker镜像的本质是⼀个分层的⽂件系统
centos的iso镜像⽂件是包含bootfs和rootfs及⼤量软件包⽽docker的centos镜像复 ⽤了操作系统的bootfs也没有⼤量软件包只有rootfs和其他必要镜像层
由于docker镜像是分层的例如tomcat、mysql镜像本身课程也就⼏⼗MB但是它 们需要依赖基础镜像及其他镜像层所以对外暴露的tomcat、MySQL⼤⼩会很⼤。
DockerFile关键字介绍
dockerfile 参数 关键字作⽤备注FROM指定⽗镜像指定dockerfile基于哪个镜像构建MAINTAINER作者信息⽤来标明这个dockerfile谁写的LABEL标签⽤来标明dockerfile的标签可以使⽤label代替 Maintainer最终都是在docker image基本信息中可以查看RUN执⾏命令容器创建过程中执⾏命令默认是/bin/sh格式RUN 命令 或者 RUN [命令,参数1,参数2]CMD容器启动命令提供启动容器时候的默认命令和ENTRYPOINT配合使⽤格 式CMD 命令 参数1 参数2 或者 CMD [命令,参数1,参数 2]ENTRYPOINT⼊⼝⼀般在制作⼀些执⾏就关闭的容器中会使⽤COPY复制⽂件构建镜像时复制⽂件到镜像中COPY指令只能从执⾏ docker build所在的主机上读取资源并复制到镜像中。ADD添加⽂件ADD指令更擅⻓读取本地tar⽂件并解压缩。⽽ADD指令还⽀ 持通过URL从远程服务器读取资源并复制到镜像中。ENV环境变量 指定构建时的环境变量后续的指令中就可以使⽤这个环境变量。ARG构建参数与 ENV 作⽤⼀致如果有ENV那么ENV的相同名字的值始 终覆盖ARG的参数VOLUME定义外部可以挂载的数据卷指定镜像中的⽬录可以挂载到数据卷⽬录启动容器时⽤-v绑 定格式VALUME [⽬录]EXPOSE暴露端⼝定义容器运⾏时监听的端⼝启动容器时使⽤-p绑定暴露的 端⼝格式EXPOSE 80 或者 EXPOSE 80/tcpWORKDIR⼯作⽬录指定容器内部的⼯作⽬录作为⽤户⾸次登录容器时停留的⽬ 录如果没有创建则⾃动创建如果指定/使⽤的是绝对地 址如果不是/开头那么是在上⼀条workdir的路径的相对路 径USER指定执⾏⽤户指定构建或者启动时镜像时⽤户在RUNCMD ENTRYPONT执⾏时候的⽤户HEALTHCHECK健康检查指定监测当前容器的命令基本上没⽤应为很多时候应⽤ 本身⾃带健康检查机制ONBUILD触发器当存在触发器关键字的镜像作为基础镜像时当执⾏FROM完 成之后会执⾏ONBUILD的命令但是不影响当前镜像⽤处 也不⼤STOPSIGNAL发送信号到宿主机该信号指令设置将发送到容器的系统调⽤信号以退出SHELL执⾏执⾏脚本的shell指定执⾏ RUNCMDENTRYPOINT执⾏命令时使⽤的 shell 环境
Redhat 9.2
安装docker docker 应用部署-CSDN博客
步骤
创建dockerfile目录 创建dockerfile 文件
[rootadmin ~]# mkdir /dockerfile
[rootadmin ~]# cd /dockerfile/
[rootadmin dockerfile]# vim centos_dockerfile
[rootadmin dockerfile]# cat centos_dockerfile
from centos:7
maintainer my
run yum -y install vim wget wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/Centos-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo \
http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
workdir /root
cmd /bin/bash
运行dockerfile
格式docker build -f dockerfile⽂件 -t 镜像名称:镜像标签 .
[rootadmin dockerfile]# docker build -f /dockerfile/centos_dockerfile -t centos7:v1 .
[] Building 207.4s (7/7) FINISHED docker:default [internal] load build definition from centos_dockerfile 0.0s transferring dockerfile: 365B 0.0s [internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/centos:7 1.0s [internal] load .dockerignore 0.0s transferring context: 2B 0.0s [1/3] FROM docker.io/library/centos:7sha256:9d4bcbbb213dfd745b58be38b13b996ebb5ac315fe75711bd618426a630e0987 94.9s resolve docker.io/library/centos:7sha256:9d4bcbbb213dfd745b58be38b13b996ebb5ac315fe75711bd618426a630e0987 0.0s sha256:dead07b4d8ed7e29e98de0f4504d87e8880d4347859d839686a31da35a3b532f 529B / 529B 0.0s sha256:eeb6ee3f44bd0b5103bb561b4c16bcb82328cfe5809ab675bb17ab3a16c517c9 2.75kB / 2.75kB 0.0s sha256:2d473b07cdd5f0912cd6f1a703352c82b512407db6b05b43f2553732b55df3bc 76.10MB / 76.10MB 90.8s sha256:9d4bcbbb213dfd745b58be38b13b996ebb5ac315fe75711bd618426a630e0987 1.20kB / 1.20kB 0.0s extracting sha256:2d473b07cdd5f0912cd6f1a703352c82b512407db6b05b43f2553732b55df3bc 3.8s [2/3] RUN yum -y install vim wget wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/Centos-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo wget -O 110.6s [3/3] WORKDIR /root 0.1s exporting to image 0.8s exporting layers 0.7s writing image sha256:f34ade5782a08614c2b86e56b2c67e2d766065d54299390ecaa94efe491b5910 0.0s naming to docker.io/library/centos7:v1 0.0s
[rootadmin dockerfile]#
注最后的 . 代表本次执⾏的上下⽂路径。上下⽂路径是指 docker 在构建镜像有时候想要使⽤到本机的⽂件⽐如复制docker build 命令得知这个路径后会将路径下的 所有内容打包。
解析由于 docker 的运⾏模式是 C/S。我们本机是 Cdocker 引擎是 S。实际的构建过程 是在 docker 引擎下完成的所以这个时候⽆法⽤到我们本机的⽂件。这就需要把我们本机 的指定⽬录下的⽂件⼀起打包提供给 docker 引擎使⽤。 如果未说明最后⼀个参数那么默认上下⽂路径就是 Dockerfile 所在的位置。
注意上下⽂路径下不要放⽆⽤的⽂件因为会⼀起打包发送给 docker 引擎如果⽂件过 多会造成过程缓慢。 查看构建的镜像
[rootadmin dockerfile]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
centos7 v1 f34ade5782a0 About a minute ago 505MB
[rootadmin dockerfile]#
基于镜像创建一个容器验证是否可行
[rootadmin dockerfile]# docker run -it --name centos7 centos7:v1 /bin/bash
[root5fa0bb694e6e ~]#
[root5fa0bb694e6e ~]#
[root5fa0bb694e6e ~]#
[root5fa0bb694e6e ~]# pwd
/root
[root5fa0bb694e6e ~]# yum repolist //列出仓库
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, ovl
Repository base is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository updates is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration
Repository centosplus is listed more than once in the configuration
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile* base: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn* extras: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn* updates: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
epel | 4.7 kB 00:00:00
(1/3): epel/x86_64/group_gz | 100 kB 00:00:00
(2/3): epel/x86_64/updateinfo | 1.0 MB 00:00:02
(3/3): epel/x86_64/primary_db | 7.0 MB 00:00:09
repo id repo name status
base/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Base 10072
epel/x86_64 Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64 13798
extras/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Extras 526
updates/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Updates 5802
repolist: 30198
[root5fa0bb694e6e ~]# vim test //验证vim工具是否安装
[root5fa0bb694e6e ~]# cat test
sdaj
[root5fa0bb694e6e ~]#
通过Dockerfile构建php连接mysql扩展模块的镜像
下载php镜像⽂件版本为7.2版本
[rootadmin dockerfile]# docker pull php:7.2-fpm7.2-fpm: Pulling from library/php
6ec7b7d162b2: Pull complete
db606474d60c: Pull complete
afb30f0cd8e0: Pull complete
3bb2e8051594: Pull complete
4d71313b39b0: Pull complete
381de550657f: Pull complete
e671c4250cc8: Pull complete
111da53eb201: Pull complete
e12697892372: Pull complete
0540b5ed3310: Pull complete
0461cc2270a7: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:9c84ae47fddb97b94d1d2e289635b7306142a5336bc4ece0a393458c5e0d2cef
Status: Downloaded newer image for php:7.2-fpm
docker.io/library/php:7.2-fpm
[rootadmin dockerfile]# 创建容器查看模块
[rootadmin dockerfile]# docker run -it --name php php:7.2-fpm /bin/bash
roote1243835e67c:/var/www/html# php -m | grep mysqld
roote1243835e67c:/var/www/html# php -m | grep mysql
mysqlnd
roote1243835e67c:/var/www/html# 通过dockerfile文件构建MySQL模块
[rootadmin dockerfile]# ls
centos_dockerfile
[rootadmin dockerfile]# vim mysql_dockerfile
[rootadmin dockerfile]# cat mysql_dockerfile
from php:7.2-fpm
run docker-php-ext-install pdo_mysql mysqli
[rootadmin dockerfile]# docker build -f ./mysql_dockerfile -t php7.2-mysql5.7:v1 .
[] Building 15.3s (6/6) FINISHED docker:default [internal] load build definition from mysql_dockerfile 0.0s transferring dockerfile: 161B 0.0s [internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/php:7.2-fpm 0.0s [internal] load .dockerignore 0.0s transferring context: 2B 0.0s [1/2] FROM docker.io/library/php:7.2-fpm 0.0s [2/2] RUN docker-php-ext-install pdo_mysql mysqli 15.0s exporting to image 0.1s exporting layers 0.1s writing image sha256:e48f1a0e6209419dba3a93de4c263cd4c313224d0b490dcbb2589bb4c0eef552 0.0s naming to docker.io/library/php7.2-mysql5.7:v1 0.0s
[rootadmin dockerfile]# 查看镜像
[rootadmin dockerfile]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
php7.2-mysql5.7 v1 e48f1a0e6209 57 seconds ago 398MB //dockerfile构建的镜像
centos7 v1 f34ade5782a0 25 minutes ago 505MB
php 7.2-fpm 28f52b60203d 3 years ago 398MB
[rootadmin dockerfile]# 进入容器查看mysql模块
[rootadmin dockerfile]# docker run -it --name php-mysql php7.2-mysql5.7:v1 /bin/bash
root59e58bc08b93:/var/www/html# php -m | grep mysql
mysqli
mysqlnd
pdo_mysql
root59e58bc08b93:/var/www/html#
镜像转为压缩文件
将前面构建的phpmysql:v1镜像转为压缩⽂件以便于保存和传输
格式docker save -o 压缩⽂件名称 镜像名称:版本号
[rootadmin dockerfile]# docker save -o php7.2_mysql5.7.tar.gz php7.2-mysql5.7:v1
[rootadmin dockerfile]# ls
centos_dockerfile mysql_dockerfile php7.2_mysql5.7.tar.gz
[rootadmin dockerfile]#
删除原来的镜像
[rootadmin dockerfile]# docker rmi php7.2-mysql5.7:v1
Error response from daemon: conflict: unable to remove repository reference php7.2-mysql5.7:v1 (must force) - container 59e58bc08b93 is using its referenced image e48f1a0e6209
[rootadmin dockerfile]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
[rootadmin dockerfile]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
59e58bc08b93 php7.2-mysql5.7:v1 docker-php-entrypoi… 3 minutes ago Exited (0) 2 minutes ago php-mysql
e1243835e67c php:7.2-fpm docker-php-entrypoi… 11 minutes ago Exited (0) 10 minutes ago php
5fa0bb694e6e centos7:v1 /bin/bash 27 minutes ago Exited (127) 15 minutes ago centos7
[rootadmin dockerfile]# docker rm php
php php-mysql
[rootadmin dockerfile]# docker rm php-mysql
php-mysql
[rootadmin dockerfile]# docker rmi php7.2-mysql5.7:v1
Untagged: php7.2-mysql5.7:v1
Deleted: sha256:e48f1a0e6209419dba3a93de4c263cd4c313224d0b490dcbb2589bb4c0eef552
[rootadmin dockerfile]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
centos7 v1 f34ade5782a0 31 minutes ago 505MB
php 7.2-fpm 28f52b60203d 3 years ago 398MB
[rootadmin dockerfile]#
解压为镜像
格式docker load -i 压缩⽂件名称
[rootadmin dockerfile]# docker load -i php7.2_mysql5.7.tar.gz
Loaded image: php7.2-mysql5.7:v1
[rootadmin dockerfile]#
[rootadmin dockerfile]#
[rootadmin dockerfile]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
php7.2-mysql5.7 v1 e48f1a0e6209 7 minutes ago 398MB
centos7 v1 f34ade5782a0 32 minutes ago 505MB
php 7.2-fpm 28f52b60203d 3 years ago 398MB
[rootadmin dockerfile]# 基于镜像创建容器验证
[rootadmin dockerfile]# docker run -it --name php_mysql php7.2-mysql5.7:v1 /bin/bash
rootd992a245404b:/var/www/html#
rootd992a245404b:/var/www/html# php -m |grep mysql
mysqli
mysqlnd
pdo_mysql
rootd992a245404b:/var/www/html#
容器转为镜像
容器可以是运⾏状态也可以是退出状态。
提示容器转为镜像时容器内的配置或数据也会被保存到新镜像⽂件中但是如果容器内做过数据卷数据卷挂载的配置不会被保存到新镜像中
命令格式docker commit 容器ID/容器名称 镜像名称:版本号
[rootadmin ~]# docker run -d --name mysql_php php7.2-mysql5.7:v1
8e93a06e84ce237074a0fcf70b7f463ae4b6f1e214fec7910aec99a1591012f2
[rootadmin ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
8e93a06e84ce php7.2-mysql5.7:v1 docker-php-entrypoi… 5 seconds ago Up 4 seconds 9000/tcp mysql_php
[rootadmin ~]#
[rootadmin ~]# docker commit mysql_php mysqlmy
sha256:d522ac70fafc0aafcea84221ea6edd3ff05d08fd0cade142490f5e18df2edd99
[rootadmin ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
mysqlmy latest d522ac70fafc 6 seconds ago 398MB
php7.2-mysql5.7 v1 e48f1a0e6209 34 minutes ago 398MB
[rootadmin ~]# docker run -d --name mysqlphp mysqlmy
ca9843d72c1bcd73094d4b369d7396ca3ae55a1c8a1f550d0c1097acda310cc8
[rootadmin ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
ca9843d72c1b mysqlmy docker-php-entrypoi… 2 seconds ago Up 1 second 9000/tcp mysqlphp
8e93a06e84ce php7.2-mysql5.7:v1 docker-php-entrypoi… About a minute ago Up About a minute 9000/tcp mysql_php
[rootadmin ~]#
