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本章节实现了敌人弓箭手的制作 Enemy_Archer.cs
核心功能 状态机管理敌人的行为 定义了多个状态对象#xff08;如 idleState、moveState、attackState 等#xff09;#xff0c;通过状态机管理敌人的…教程源地址https://www.udemy.com/course/2d-rpg-alexdev/
本章节实现了敌人弓箭手的制作 Enemy_Archer.cs
核心功能 状态机管理敌人的行为 定义了多个状态对象如 idleState、moveState、attackState 等通过状态机管理敌人的状态切换。状态包括空闲、移动、攻击、跳跃、受击眩晕、死亡等。 攻击逻辑 使用 AnimationSepcoalAttackTrigger 方法生成箭矢。创建箭矢对象时调用 Arrow_Controller.SetUpArrow 为其设置速度和伤害信息。箭矢会根据面向方向facingDir飞向目标。 地形检测 GroundBenhundCheck 方法检查敌人背后的地面是否存在通过 Physics2D.BoxCast 实现。WallBehind 方法检测敌人背后的墙壁是否存在通过 Physics2D.Raycast 实现。这些方法用于辅助弓箭手的移动或跳跃逻辑确保其行为合理。 受击与死亡 CanBeStunned 方法判断弓箭手是否能被眩晕并切换到 stunnedState。Die 方法当弓箭手死亡时切换到 deadState。 可视化调试 OnDrawGizmos 方法在 Unity 编辑器中绘制背后地面检测区域帮助开发者直观了解地形检测的范围。
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;//2024.12.11
public class Enemy_Archer : Enemy
{[Header(弓箭手特殊信息)]//Archer specific info[SerializeField] private GameObject arrowPrefab;[SerializeField] private float arrowSpeed;[SerializeField] private int arrowDamage;public Vector2 jumpVelocity;public float jumpCooldown;public float safeDistance;//安全距离[HideInInspector]public float lastTimeJumped;[Header(额外的碰撞检查)]//Additional collision check[SerializeField] private Transform groundBehindCheck;[SerializeField] private Vector2 groundBehindCheckSize;#region Statespublic ArcherIdleState idleState { get; private set; }public ArcherMoveState moveState { get; private set; }public ArcherBattleState battleState { get; private set; }public ArcherAttackState attackState { get; private set; }public ArcherDeadState deadState { get; private set; }public ArcherStunnedState stunnedState { get; private set; }public ArcherJumpState ArcherJumpState { get; private set; }#endregionprotected override void Awake(){base.Awake();idleState new ArcherIdleState(this, stateMachine, Idle, this);moveState new ArcherMoveState(this, stateMachine, Move, this);battleState new ArcherBattleState(this, stateMachine, Idle, this);attackState new ArcherAttackState(this, stateMachine, Attack, this);deadState new ArcherDeadState(this, stateMachine, Move, this);stunnedState new ArcherStunnedState(this, stateMachine, Stun, this);ArcherJumpState new ArcherJumpState(this, stateMachine, Jump, this);}protected override void Start(){base.Start();stateMachine.Initialize(idleState);}public override bool CanBeStunned(){if (base.CanBeStunned()){stateMachine.ChangeState(stunnedState);return true;}return false;}public override void Die(){base.Die();stateMachine.ChangeState(deadState);}public override void AnimationSepcoalAttackTrigger(){GameObject newArrow Instantiate(arrowPrefab, attackCheck.position, Quaternion.identity);newArrow.GetComponentArrow_Controller().SetUpArrow(arrowSpeed * facingDir, stats);}public bool GroundBenhundCheck() Physics2D.BoxCast(groundBehindCheck.position, groundBehindCheckSize, 0, Vector2.zero, 0, whatIsGround);public bool WallBehind() Physics2D.Raycast(wallCheck.position, Vector2.right * -facingDir, wallCheckDistance 2, whatIsGround);protected override void OnDrawGizmos(){base.OnDrawGizmos();Gizmos.DrawWireCube(groundBehindCheck.position, groundBehindCheckSize);}
}ArcherMoveState.cs
using System.Collections;
using UnityEngine;public class ArcherMoveState : ArcherGroundState
{public ArcherMoveState(Enemy _enemyBase, EnemyStateMachine _stateMachine, string _animBoolName, Enemy_Archer _enemy) : base(_enemyBase, _stateMachine, _animBoolName, _enemy){}public override void Enter(){base.Enter();}public override void Exit(){base.Exit();}public override void Update(){base.Update();enemy.SetVelocity(enemy.moveSpeed * enemy.facingDir, enemy.rb.velocity.y);if (enemy.IsWallDetected() || !enemy.IsGroundDetected())//撞墙或者没有路反转{enemy.Flip();stateMachine.ChangeState(enemy.idleState);}}
}Arrow_Controller.cs
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;//2024.12.11
public class Arrow_Controller : MonoBehaviour
{[SerializeField] private int damage;//箭矢造成的伤害值[SerializeField] private string targetLayerName Player;//箭矢的目标层[SerializeField] private float xVelocity;[SerializeField] private Rigidbody2D rb;[SerializeField] private bool canMove;[SerializeField] private bool flipped;private CharacterStats myStats;private void Update(){if(canMove)rb.velocity new Vector2(xVelocity, rb.velocity.y);}public void SetUpArrow(float _speed,CharacterStats _myStats){xVelocity _speed;myStats _myStats;}private void OnTriggerEnter2D(Collider2D collision){if(collision.gameObject.layer LayerMask.NameToLayer(targetLayerName)){collision.GetComponentCharacterStats().TakeDamage(damage);//箭的伤害myStats.DoDamage(collision.GetComponentCharacterStats());//弓箭手的额外属性StuckInto(collision);}else if (collision.gameObject.layer LayerMask.NameToLayer(Ground)){StuckInto(collision);}}private void StuckInto(Collider2D collision)//射中目标{GetComponentInChildrenParticleSystem().Stop();//停止粒子系统GetComponentCollider2D().enabled false;canMove false;rb.isKinematic true;//刚体为运动rb.constraints RigidbodyConstraints2D.FreezeAll;transform.parent collision.transform;//箭矢的父物体为碰撞物体Destroy(gameObject, Random.Range(5,7));}public void FlipArrow(){if (flipped)return;xVelocity xVelocity * -1;flipped true;transform.Rotate(0,180,0);targetLayerName Enemy;}
}ArcherBattleState.cs
using System.Collections;
using UnityEngine;//2024.12.11
public class ArcherBattleState : EnemyState
{private Transform player;private Enemy_Archer enemy;private int moveDir;public ArcherBattleState(Enemy _enemyBase, EnemyStateMachine _stateMachine, string _animBoolName, Enemy_Archer _enemy) : base(_enemyBase, _stateMachine, _animBoolName){this.enemy _enemy;}public override void Enter(){base.Enter();//player GameObject.Find(Player).transform;player PlayerManager.instance.player.transform;if (player.GetComponentPlayerStats().isDead)stateMachine.ChangeState(enemy.moveState);}public override void Update(){base.Update();if (enemy.IsPlayerDetected()){stateTimer enemy.battleTime;if (enemy.IsPlayerDetected().distance enemy.safeDistance)//小于安全距离{if (CanJump())stateMachine.ChangeState(enemy.ArcherJumpState);//跳走}if (enemy.IsPlayerDetected().distance enemy.attackDistance){if (CanAttack())stateMachine.ChangeState(enemy.attackState);}}else{if (stateTimer 0 || Vector2.Distance(player.transform.position, enemy.transform.position) 10)//超过距离或者时间到了stateMachine.ChangeState(enemy.idleState);}BattleStateFlipController();}private void BattleStateFlipController(){if (player.position.x enemy.transform.position.x enemy.facingDir -1)enemy.Flip();else if (player.position.x enemy.transform.position.x enemy.facingDir 1)enemy.Flip();}public override void Exit(){base.Exit();}private bool CanAttack(){if (Time.time enemy.lastTimeAttack enemy.attackCoolDown){enemy.attackCoolDown Random.Range(enemy.minAttackCoolDown, enemy.maxAttackCoolDown);enemy.lastTimeAttack Time.time;return true;}elsereturn false;}private bool CanJump(){if(enemy.GroundBenhundCheck() false || enemy.WallBehind() true)return false;if (Time.time enemy.lastTimeJumped enemy.jumpCooldown){enemy.lastTimeJumped Time.time;return true;}return false;}
}
ArcherGroundState.cs
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;//2024.12.11
public class ArcherGroundState : EnemyState
{protected Transform player;protected Enemy_Archer enemy;public ArcherGroundState(Enemy _enemyBase, EnemyStateMachine _stateMachine, string _animBoolName,Enemy_Archer _enemy) : base(_enemyBase, _stateMachine, _animBoolName){enemy _enemy;}public override void Enter(){base.Enter();player PlayerManager.instance.player.transform;//p63 3:43改}public override void Exit(){base.Exit();}public override void Update(){base.Update();if (enemy.IsPlayerDetected() || Vector2.Distance(enemy.transform.position, player.transform.position) enemy.agroDistance){stateMachine.ChangeState(enemy.battleState);}}
}ArcherIdleState.cs
using System.Collections;
using UnityEngine;public class ArcherIdleState : ArcherGroundState
{public ArcherIdleState(Enemy _enemyBase, EnemyStateMachine _stateMachine, string _animBoolName, Enemy_Archer _enemy) : base(_enemyBase, _stateMachine, _animBoolName, _enemy){}public override void Enter(){base.Enter();stateTimer enemy.idleTime;}public override void Exit(){base.Exit();AudioManager.instance.PlaySFX(24, enemy.transform);}public override void Update(){base.Update();if (stateTimer 0){stateMachine.ChangeState(enemy.moveState);}}
}ArcherStunnedState.cs
using System.Collections;
using UnityEngine;//2024.12.11
public class ArcherStunnedState : EnemyState
{private Enemy_Archer enemy;public ArcherStunnedState(Enemy _enemyBase, EnemyStateMachine _stateMachine, string _animBoolName, Enemy_Archer enemy) : base(_enemyBase, _stateMachine, _animBoolName){this.enemy enemy;}public override void Enter(){base.Enter();enemy.fx.InvokeRepeating(RedColorBlink, 0, .1f); //这行代码使用 InvokeRepeating 方法每隔 0.1 秒调用一次 RedColorBlink 方法。stateTimer enemy.stunDuration;rb.velocity new Vector2(-enemy.facingDir * enemy.stunDirection.x, enemy.stunDirection.y);}public override void Exit(){base.Exit();enemy.fx.Invoke(CancelColorChange, 0);//Invoke 方法用于在指定的延迟时间后调用某个方法。在这里延迟时间为 0}public override void Update(){base.Update();if (stateTimer 0)stateMachine.ChangeState(enemy.idleState);}
}ArcherAttackState.cs
using System.Collections;
using UnityEngine;public class ArcherAttackState : EnemyState
{private Enemy_Archer enemy;public ArcherAttackState(Enemy _enemyBase, EnemyStateMachine _stateMachine, string _animBoolName, Enemy_Archer _enemy) : base(_enemyBase, _stateMachine, _animBoolName){this.enemy _enemy;}public override void Enter(){base.Enter();}public override void Exit(){base.Exit();enemy.lastTimeAttack Time.time;}public override void Update(){base.Update();enemy.SetZeroVelocity();if (triggerCalled)stateMachine.ChangeState(enemy.battleState);}
}
