来个网站吧好人一生平安百度贴吧,电商首页设计思路,网站推广是网站建设完成之后的长期工作,熊猫关键词工具#xff08;一#xff09;需求 在游戏中我们经常能够看到玩家与玩家之间可以进行私聊#xff0c;在QQ或微信中最基本的功能就是用户与用户之间的通信。抽象成计算机网络#xff0c;就是两个客户端通过服务器进行私聊通信#xff0c;两个客户端可以互相看到对方发送过来的信…一需求 在游戏中我们经常能够看到玩家与玩家之间可以进行私聊在QQ或微信中最基本的功能就是用户与用户之间的通信。抽象成计算机网络就是两个客户端通过服务器进行私聊通信两个客户端可以互相看到对方发送过来的信息。这种两个客户端的私聊通信是如何实现的呢在本篇文章我们就来探讨一下。
二解决思路 这个需求的重点部分在于网络通信需要我们掌握基本的计算机网络通信知识具体到每种编程语言又有对应的API。如果把这个需求抽象到计算机网络中我们就可以理解成两个客户端向服务器发送信息服务器接收信息后又把信息发送给另一个客户端。这样一个客户端就可以接收到另一个客户端发送的信息了。
三设计思路 服务器基于本地服务器开发通过一个单独的C#控制台项目模拟编程语言使用C#客户端通过Unity3D构建GUI并编写客户端脚本。两个客户端则通过打开两个Unity3D项目的可执行文件进行模拟客户端的GUI需要有调试面板、客户端名称下拉菜单、连接和断开连接按钮、消息显示面板、消息输入框和消息发送按钮等。
四代码实现 由于代码中引用了自定义的网络通信共享库NetShare关于NetShare请阅读这篇文章。 客户端
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.UI;
/*
自定义网络通信共享库NetShare包括通用数据包DataPacket、私聊频道服务器数据包PSDataPacket、
服务器数据包ServerDataPacket和私聊频道客户端数据包PCDataPacket等。
*/
using NetShare;
using System.Threading;
using System.Linq;//私聊频道客户端
public class PersonalChannelClient : MonoBehaviour
{public Text BaseInfo;//显示Socket连接基本信息的文本public Text EchoContents;//Socket回显信息的文本public Text ChatContents;//聊天信息的文本public Dropdown Friends;//目标客户端名称下拉菜单public Dropdown ClientMenu;//客户端名称下拉菜单public Button Connect;//连接按钮public Button DisConnect;//断开连接按钮public InputField SendInput;//聊天消息输入框public Button Send;//聊天信息发送按钮static string ipAddressStr;//IP地址字符串static int port;//端口static IPAddress iPAddress;//IP地址对象static IPEndPoint iPEndPoint;//IP端点对象string clientName, sendStr;//客户端名称和发送信息字符串Socket currentClientSocket;//当前客户端Socketbool isLockSend;//是否锁定聊天信息发送按钮byte[] buffer;//消息接收缓冲区Queuestring echoContentQueue, chatContentQueue;//回显信息队列和聊天信息队列PCDataPacket dataPacket;//通用数据包Liststring desClientNames;//目标客户端名称合集//反映Socket是否与服务器有效连接的属性bool isConnected{get{if (currentClientSocket null) return false;return !currentClientSocket.Poll(10, SelectMode.SelectRead) currentClientSocket.Connected;}}void Start(){//初始化ipAddressStr 127.0.0.1;clientName ClientMenu.options.Count 0 ? ClientMenu.options[0].text : ;port 5500;iPAddress IPAddress.Parse(ipAddressStr);iPEndPoint new IPEndPoint(iPAddress, port);buffer new byte[1024];echoContentQueue new Queuestring();chatContentQueue new Queuestring();desClientNames new Liststring() { None };//为UI控件添加监听事件ClientMenu.onValueChanged.AddListener((index) {clientName ClientMenu.options[index].text;});Connect.onClick.AddListener(() {Thread thread new Thread(new ThreadStart(ConnectDeal));thread.Start();});DisConnect.onClick.AddListener(() {Thread thread new Thread(new ThreadStart(DisConnectDeal));thread.Start();});Send.onClick.AddListener(() {sendStr SendInput.text;Thread thread new Thread(new ThreadStart(SendDeal));thread.Start();SendInput.text string.Empty;});}void Update(){//不断更新Socket基本信息BaseInfo.text $ClientName:{clientName} string.Format(\nSocketHashCode:{0}, currentClientSocket null ? None : currentClientSocket.GetHashCode().ToString()) $\nisLock:{isLockSend} string.Format(\nPoll:{0}, currentClientSocket null ? None : (!currentClientSocket.Poll(10, SelectMode.SelectRead)).ToString()) string.Format(\nIsConnected:{0}, currentClientSocket null ? False : currentClientSocket.Connected.ToString());//更新回显信息if (echoContentQueue.Count 0){while (echoContentQueue.Count 0){SetEchoContents(echoContentQueue.Dequeue());}}//更新聊天信息if (chatContentQueue.Count 0){while (chatContentQueue.Count 0){SetChatContents(chatContentQueue.Dequeue());}}//更新目标客户端名称下拉菜单if (desClientNames?.Count 0){Friends.AddOptions(desClientNames);desClientNames.Clear();}}//设置回显信息相关UI的内容void SetEchoContents(string text){EchoContents.text text;}//设置聊天信息相关UI的内容void SetChatContents(string text){ChatContents.text text;}//执行逻辑Socket异步连接处理void ConnectDeal(){echoContentQueue.Enqueue($\n客户端{clientName}正在请求服务器连接...);Socket clientSocket new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);clientSocket.BeginConnect(iPEndPoint, ConnectCallback, clientSocket);}//执行逻辑Socket异步断开连接处理void DisConnectDeal(){echoContentQueue.Enqueue($\n客户端{clientName}正在断开与服务器的连接...);if (isConnected){currentClientSocket.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);currentClientSocket.BeginDisconnect(false, DisConnectCallback, currentClientSocket);}else echoContentQueue.Enqueue($\n客户端{clientName}未与服务器建立连接,无法进行断开连接的操作...);}//执行逻辑Socket异步接收信息处理void ReceiveDeal(){echoContentQueue.Enqueue($\n客户端{clientName}开始监听服务器响应...);currentClientSocket.BeginReceive(buffer, 0, buffer.Length, SocketFlags.None, ReceiveCallback, currentClientSocket);}//执行逻辑Socket异步发送信息处理void SendDeal(){if (!isLockSend !string.IsNullOrEmpty(sendStr)){dataPacket.mContent sendStr;string v_desClientName Friends.options[Friends.value].text;if (!v_desClientName.Equals(None)) dataPacket.mDestinationClientName v_desClientName;byte[] bytes dataPacket.ToBytes();currentClientSocket.BeginSend(bytes, 0, bytes.Length, SocketFlags.None, SendCallback, currentClientSocket);}}//执行逻辑Socket异步连接处理回调void ConnectCallback(IAsyncResult ar){try{Socket socket ar.AsyncState as Socket;socket.EndConnect(ar);currentClientSocket socket;if (isConnected){dataPacket new PCDataPacket(){mLocalEndPointStr socket.LocalEndPoint.ToString(),mClientName clientName,mDestinationClientName string.Empty,mContent $成功与服务器建立连接!};byte[] bytes dataPacket.ToBytes();socket.BeginSend(bytes, 0, bytes.Length, SocketFlags.None, SendCallback, currentClientSocket);isLockSend false;echoContentQueue.Enqueue($\ncolororange客户端{clientName}与服务器连接成功!/color);ReceiveDeal();}else echoContentQueue.Enqueue($\ncolorred客户端{clientName}与服务器连接失败!/color);}catch (SocketException se){echoContentQueue.Enqueue($\ncolorred客户端{clientName}与服务器连接失败!/color\n错误信息:{se.Message});}}//执行逻辑Socket异步断开连接处理回调void DisConnectCallback(IAsyncResult ar){try{isLockSend true;Socket socket ar.AsyncState as Socket;socket.EndDisconnect(ar);dataPacket null;echoContentQueue.Enqueue($\ncolororange客户端{clientName}与服务器断开连接操作成功!/color);}catch (SocketException se){echoContentQueue.Enqueue($\n客户端{clientName}与服务器断开连接操作失败\n错误信息:{se.Message});}}//执行逻辑Socket异步发送信息处理回调void SendCallback(IAsyncResult ar){try{Socket socket ar.AsyncState as Socket;socket.EndSend(ar);echoContentQueue.Enqueue($\n客户端{clientName}向服务器发送了一条消息);}catch (SocketException se){echoContentQueue.Enqueue($\n客户端{clientName}向服务器发送信息操作失败\n错误信息:{se.Message});}}//执行逻辑Socket异步接收信息处理回调void ReceiveCallback(IAsyncResult ar){try{Socket socket ar.AsyncState as Socket;int count socket.EndReceive(ar);DataPacket dataPacket DataPacket.ToObjectDataPacket(buffer.Take(count).ToArray());if (dataPacket is PSDataPacket psdp psdp.mClientNames?.Length 0){desClientNames.Clear();foreach (string name in psdp.mClientNames){if (Friends.options.FindIndex((od) od.text.Equals(name)) -1) desClientNames.Add(name);}}else if (dataPacket is ServerDataPacket sdp){string v_res sdp.mContent;if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(v_res)) chatContentQueue.Enqueue(\n v_res);}//若Socket连接有效则继续接收消息if (isConnected)socket.BeginReceive(buffer, 0, buffer.Length, SocketFlags.None, ReceiveCallback, socket);}catch (SocketException se){echoContentQueue.Enqueue($\n客户端{clientName}接收服务器消息失败\n错误信息:{se.Message});}}
}服务器
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Net;/*
自定义网络通信共享库NetShare其中包括了私聊频道服务器数据包PSDataPacket、通用数据包DataPacket、
服务器数据包ServerDataPacket和私聊频道客户端数据包PCDataPacket等。*/using NetShare;namespace UnityServer
{//私聊频道服务器internal class PersonalChannelServer{private static string ipAddress 127.0.0.1;//IP地址字符串private static int port 5500;//端口private static int maxConnect 20;//最大连接数private static byte[] buffer new byte[1024];//消息缓冲区//客户端Socket合集key为IPEndPoint字符串value为服务器为客户端分配的Socketprivate static Dictionarystring, Socket clients new Dictionarystring, Socket();private static Socket? serverSocket;//服务器Socket//客户端键值对key为客户端名称value为IPEndPoint字符串private static Dictionarystring, string clientKVs new Dictionarystring, string();private static void Main(string[] args){Thread thread new Thread(new ThreadStart(ServerDeal));thread.Start();Console.ReadLine();}//判断Socket是否进行有效连接private static bool IsConnected(Socket socket){if (socket null) return false;return !socket.Poll(10, SelectMode.SelectRead) socket.Connected;}//执行逻辑服务器处理private static void ServerDeal(){serverSocket new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);IPAddress v_ipAddress IPAddress.Parse(ipAddress);serverSocket.Bind(new IPEndPoint(v_ipAddress, port));serverSocket.Listen(maxConnect);Console.WriteLine($开启服务器[{serverSocket.LocalEndPoint}]...);serverSocket.BeginAccept(AcceptCallback, null);}//执行逻辑Socket异步接收消息private static void ReceiveDeal(object? clientSocket){Console.WriteLine(********************);if (clientSocket null) return;Socket? v_clientSocket clientSocket as Socket;if (v_clientSocket null) return;Console.WriteLine(接收到客户端的连接请求);if (IsConnected(v_clientSocket))v_clientSocket.BeginReceive(buffer, 0, buffer.Length, SocketFlags.None, ReceiveCallback, v_clientSocket);}//添加客户端Socket到客户端Socket合集private static void AddClient(Socket clientSocket){if (clientSocket null) return;EndPoint? endPoint clientSocket.RemoteEndPoint;if (endPoint ! null){string? v_endPointStr endPoint.ToString();if (v_endPointStr ! null) clients[v_endPointStr] clientSocket;}}//向所有客户端发送指定信息private static void SendToAll(PSDataPacket dataPacket){if (dataPacket null) return;byte[] bytes dataPacket.ToBytes();foreach (Socket clientSocket in clients.Values){if (IsConnected(clientSocket)){Thread thread new Thread(() {clientSocket.BeginSend(bytes, 0, bytes.Length, SocketFlags.None, SendCallback, clientSocket);});thread.Start();}}}//向指定的客户端发送服务器数据包private static void SendTo(ServerDataPacket dataPacket, Socket? destinationSocket){if (dataPacket null || destinationSocket null) return;byte[] bytes dataPacket.ToBytes();if (IsConnected(destinationSocket)){Thread thread new Thread(() {destinationSocket.BeginSend(bytes, 0, bytes.Length, SocketFlags.None, SendCallback, destinationSocket);});thread.Start();}}//Socket监听请求回调private static void AcceptCallback(IAsyncResult ar){try{if (serverSocket ! null){Socket clientSocket serverSocket.EndAccept(ar);AddClient(clientSocket);Thread thread new Thread(new ParameterizedThreadStart(ReceiveDeal));thread.Start(clientSocket);serverSocket.BeginAccept(AcceptCallback, null);}}catch (SocketException se){Console.WriteLine(AcceptException: se.Message);}}//Socket发送信息回调private static void SendCallback(IAsyncResult ar){try{Socket? clientSocket ar.AsyncState as Socket;if (clientSocket ! null) clientSocket.EndSend(ar);}catch (SocketException se){Console.WriteLine(SendException: se.Message);}}//Socket接收信息回调private static void ReceiveCallback(IAsyncResult ar){try{Socket? clientSocket ar.AsyncState as Socket;if (clientSocket ! null){int bytesCount clientSocket.EndReceive(ar);PCDataPacket? dataPacket DataPacket.ToObjectPCDataPacket(buffer.Take(bytesCount).ToArray());if (dataPacket ! null){if (clientSocket.RemoteEndPoint ! null){string? v_endPointStr clientSocket.RemoteEndPoint.ToString();if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(v_endPointStr)){clientKVs[dataPacket.mClientName] v_endPointStr;SendToAll(new PSDataPacket(){mClientNames clientKVs.Keys.ToArray()});}}string v_content $客户端{dataPacket.mClientName}{dataPacket.mContent};Socket? destinationSocket;string? endPointStr;clientKVs.TryGetValue(dataPacket.mDestinationClientName, out endPointStr);if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(endPointStr) clients.TryGetValue(endPointStr, out destinationSocket))SendTo(new ServerDataPacket() { mContent v_content }, destinationSocket);}if (IsConnected(clientSocket))clientSocket.BeginReceive(buffer, 0, buffer.Length, SocketFlags.None, ReceiveCallback, clientSocket);}}catch (SocketException se){Console.WriteLine(ReceiveException: se.Message);}}}
}
五测试 测试流程大概是先启动服务器然后启动三个客户端三个客户端分别以A、B、C的名称作为客户端名称与服务器建立连接连接后再由客户端A、B、C分别向服务器发送信息通过观察三个客户端的消息面板来确定测试结果这里之所以启动三个客户端是为了进行对比测试以区分多客户端的同频道通信具体测试流程请观看下列视频 本地服务器客户端单独通信 六总结 在服务器端我们通过一个C#控制台项目来模拟服务器后台服务器与客户端具有类似的功能同样具有发送、接收消息的功能不同的是服务器具有监听客户端连接的功能而客户端具有向服务器发送连接请求的功能本质上这些都是通过Socket实现的功能人为划分成服务器端和客户端。在客户端我们通过GUI将用户的操作进行可视化构建实现了回显、客户端名称选择、连接、断开连接、发送和显示消息等基本交互。 为了模拟多客户端并发操作所有功能我们都采用了异步的方式启动对于真正的网络通信而言这对我们来说才刚刚开始不过通过这个案例也让我们了解了基本的网络通信流程。
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