给自己女朋友做的网站,wordpress镜像什么意思,wordpress完整主题,临沂网站建设哪家专业如何使用gprof对程序进行性能分析 目录
1 gprof概述 2 gprof原理简述 3 gprof使用 3.1 gprof使用简述 3.2 gprof使用示例 4 小结 1 gprof概述 gprof 是 一个 GNU 的程序性能分析工具#xff0c;可以用于分析C\C程序的执行性能。gprof工具可以统计出各个函数的调用次数、执… 如何使用gprof对程序进行性能分析 目录
1 gprof概述 2 gprof原理简述 3 gprof使用 3.1 gprof使用简述 3.2 gprof使用示例 4 小结 1 gprof概述 gprof 是 一个 GNU 的程序性能分析工具可以用于分析C\C程序的执行性能。gprof工具可以统计出各个函数的调用次数、执行时间、函数调用关系具体功能可以通过 man gprof进一步了解。通常该工具在大多数linux内核的发行版本中会在你安装C/C编译器的同时默认安装上。 2 gprof原理简述 通过在编译、链接的时候使用 -pg 选项就能够控制gcc/g 编译器在程序的每个函数中插入插桩函数从而跟踪目标函数的执行时间、调用关系通过函数调用堆栈查找、执行次数等信息并将相关数据保存到 gmon.out 文件中。 【注意】: 必须是编译和链接的时候都要添加 -pg 参数。并且目标程序不能使用 strip 命令去除符号表否则 gprof 工具无法正常处理 gmon.out 到 profile.txt文件。 3 gprof使用 3.1 gprof使用简述 a、 在编译、链接设置中开启 -pg 参数 使用cmake在CMakeList.txt中添加
SET(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS ${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -pg)
SET(CMAKE_C_FLAGS ${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -pg)
SET(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS ${CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS} -pg)
SET(CMAKE_SHARED_LINKER_FLAGS ${CMAKE_SHARED_LINKER_FLAGS} -pg)使用make在Makefile中设置
CFLAGS -pg
CPPFLAGS -pg
LDFLAGS -pgb、 编译后正常运行程序
.testApp arg1 arg2【注意】 运行程序后要程序正常退出才能正常生成 gmon.out 文件在此步骤中程序是可以带命令行参数执行的。
c、 分析、收集数据
gprof testApp gmon.out profile.txt【注意】 在此步骤中目标程序如果是带参的此步骤不可以填入命令行参数。
d、 分析数据图形化
gprof2dot -e0 -n0 profile.txt profile.dot
dot profile.dot -Tpng -o profile.png【说明】 在此步骤中需要通过 gprof2dot 和 dot工具将结果图形化方便查看。 3.2 gprof使用示例
上一小节简单讲述了如何 gprof 的使用本小节会以 s_log_safe开源项目 为实例介绍如何使用 gprof 工具 进行性能分析。 a、 clone s_log_safe项目源码
git clone https://github.com/smallerxuan/s_log_safe.gitcd s_log_safetreeclone完成后进入路径能看到如下的目录结构 b、 修改Makefile文件
gedit ./Makefile用编辑器打开 Makefile文件修改 FLAGS_BASE 关闭O2优化添加 -pg 选项给 LDFLAGS 追加 -pg注释 strip 调用。 c、 调整测试用例并编译项目
gedit ./main.c用编辑器打开 main.c 文件对测试程序进行简单修改不然测试程序不会自然结束。
#include stdio.h
#include s_log_safe.hstatic int test_mark 8;void* thread_1_exec(void* arg)
{int* count (int*)arg;s_safe_tag(thread_1, S_LOG_SAFE_OPT_DEBUG);do {s_log_safe_a(%s %d,测试1,*count);usleep(5000);} while (*count - 1);test_mark - 1;return s_log_safe_null;
}void* thread_2_exec(void* arg)
{int* count (int*)arg;s_safe_tag(thread_2, S_LOG_SAFE_OPT_DEBUG);do {s_log_safe_v(%s %d,测试2,*count);usleep(5000);} while (*count - 1);test_mark - 1;return s_log_safe_null;
}void* thread_3_exec(void* arg)
{int* count (int*)arg;s_safe_tag(thread_3, S_LOG_SAFE_OPT_DEBUG);do {s_log_safe_e(%s %d,测试3,*count);usleep(5000);} while (*count - 1);test_mark - 1;return s_log_safe_null;
}void* thread_4_exec(void* arg)
{int* count (int*)arg;s_safe_tag(thread_4, S_LOG_SAFE_OPT_DEBUG);do {s_log_safe_w(%s %d,测试4,*count);usleep(5000);} while (*count - 1);test_mark - 1;return s_log_safe_null;
}void* thread_5_exec(void* arg)
{int* count (int*)arg;s_safe_tag(thread_5, S_LOG_SAFE_OPT_DEBUG);do {s_log_safe_t(%s %d,测试5,*count);usleep(5000);} while (*count - 1);test_mark - 1;return s_log_safe_null;
}void* thread_6_exec(void* arg)
{int* count (int*)arg;s_safe_tag(thread_6, S_LOG_SAFE_OPT_DEBUG);do {s_log_safe_i(%s %d,测试6,*count);usleep(5000);} while (*count - 1);test_mark - 1;return s_log_safe_null;
}void* thread_7_exec(void* arg)
{int* count (int*)arg;s_safe_tag(thread_7, S_LOG_SAFE_OPT_TRACE);do {s_log_safe_d(%s %d,测试7,*count);if((*count)%8 0) {s_safe_tag_log_level_limit_set(S_LOG_SAFE_OPT_DEBUG);} else {s_safe_tag_log_level_limit_set(S_LOG_SAFE_OPT_TRACE);}usleep(5000);} while (*count - 1);test_mark - 1;return s_log_safe_null;
}void* thread_main_exec(void* arg)
{int count 0;unsigned int log_safe_pool_cap 0;unsigned int log_safe_pool_used 0;s_safe_tag(main, S_LOG_SAFE_OPT_DEBUG);log_safe_pool_cap s_log_safe_output_pool_cap_get();while(test_mark 1) {log_safe_pool_used s_log_safe_output_pool_used_get();s_log_safe_i(%s log_safe_pool_cap:%d log_safe_pool_used:%d count:%d,main, log_safe_pool_cap, log_safe_pool_used, count);usleep(5000);}test_mark - 1;return s_log_safe_null;
}int main(void)
{int ret 0;s_log_safe_thread_t* s_log_safe_thread_1_p;s_log_safe_thread_t* s_log_safe_thread_2_p;s_log_safe_thread_t* s_log_safe_thread_3_p;s_log_safe_thread_t* s_log_safe_thread_4_p;s_log_safe_thread_t* s_log_safe_thread_5_p;s_log_safe_thread_t* s_log_safe_thread_6_p;s_log_safe_thread_t* s_log_safe_thread_7_p;s_log_safe_thread_t* s_log_safe_thread_main_p;int count_1 77;int count_2 66;int count_3 55;int count_4 44;int count_5 33;int count_6 22;int count_7 11;ret s_log_safe_init();if(ret ! 0) {return 0;}s_log_safe_thread_7_p s_log_safe_thread_create(thread_main_exec, (void*)s_log_safe_null, , S_LOG_SAFE_THREAD_PRIORITY, 1024);s_log_safe_thread_1_p s_log_safe_thread_create(thread_1_exec, (void*)count_1, , 10, 1024);s_log_safe_thread_2_p s_log_safe_thread_create(thread_2_exec, (void*)count_2, , 10, 1024);s_log_safe_thread_3_p s_log_safe_thread_create(thread_3_exec, (void*)count_3, , 12, 1024);s_log_safe_thread_4_p s_log_safe_thread_create(thread_4_exec, (void*)count_4, , 12, 1024);s_log_safe_thread_5_p s_log_safe_thread_create(thread_5_exec, (void*)count_5, , 11, 1024);s_log_safe_thread_6_p s_log_safe_thread_create(thread_6_exec, (void*)count_6, , 11, 1024);s_log_safe_thread_7_p s_log_safe_thread_create(thread_7_exec, (void*)count_7, , 10, 1024);while(test_mark ! 0) {sleep(1);}return 0;
}修改完成后运行make命令编译测试程序。
make运行 make 命令后会在 ./buld 路径生成目标测试程序。
d、 运测试程序
cd ./build/./s_log_safe_test切换到 ./build 路径后执行测试程序通过 ls 会在路径下发现新生成了一个 gmon.out 文件。
e、 分析、收集数据
gprof s_log_safe_test gmon.out profile.txt通过该命令可以在路径下看见导出的分析结果文件 profile.txt。在该文件中详细的记录了 函数的执行时间、调用关系、执行次数等信息。但是还不是特别方便查看毕竟看图会更直观。 profile.txt文件的内容如下
Flat profile:Each sample counts as 0.01 seconds.no time accumulated% cumulative self self total time seconds seconds calls Ts/call Ts/call name 0.00 0.00 0.00 2048 0.00 0.00 s_log_safe_mutex_unlock0.00 0.00 0.00 2048 0.00 0.00 s_ring_buffer_unlock0.00 0.00 0.00 1294 0.00 0.00 s_log_safe_mutex_lock0.00 0.00 0.00 1294 0.00 0.00 s_ring_buffer_lock0.00 0.00 0.00 752 0.00 0.00 s_log_safe_mutex_try_lock0.00 0.00 0.00 752 0.00 0.00 s_log_strrchr0.00 0.00 0.00 751 0.00 0.00 s_ring_buffer_try_lock0.00 0.00 0.00 544 0.00 0.00 s_ring_buffer_could_read_num_get0.00 0.00 0.00 383 0.00 0.00 s_log_safe_out0.00 0.00 0.00 376 0.00 0.00 s_log_out_by_printf0.00 0.00 0.00 376 0.00 0.00 s_log_print0.00 0.00 0.00 376 0.00 0.00 s_log_safe_output0.00 0.00 0.00 376 0.00 0.00 s_ring_buffer_read_elements0.00 0.00 0.00 374 0.00 0.00 s_ring_buffer_write_elements0.00 0.00 0.00 78 0.00 0.00 s_log_safe_output_pool_used_get0.00 0.00 0.00 9 0.00 0.00 get_thread_policy0.00 0.00 0.00 9 0.00 0.00 s_log_safe_thread_create0.00 0.00 0.00 2 0.00 0.00 s_log_safe_mutex_create0.00 0.00 0.00 2 0.00 0.00 s_ring_buffer_lock_create0.00 0.00 0.00 1 0.00 0.00 s_log_safe_constructor0.00 0.00 0.00 1 0.00 0.00 s_log_safe_init0.00 0.00 0.00 1 0.00 0.00 s_log_safe_output_pool_cap_get0.00 0.00 0.00 1 0.00 0.00 s_ring_buffer_constructor0.00 0.00 0.00 1 0.00 0.00 s_ring_buffer_element_pool_constructor_malloc% the percentage of the total running time of the
time program used by this function.cumulative a running sum of the number of seconds accountedseconds for by this function and those listed above it.self the number of seconds accounted for by this
seconds function alone. This is the major sort for thislisting.calls the number of times this function was invoked, ifthis function is profiled, else blank.self the average number of milliseconds spent in this
ms/call function per call, if this function is profiled,else blank.total the average number of milliseconds spent in this
ms/call function and its descendents per call, if thisfunction is profiled, else blank.name the name of the function. This is the minor sortfor this listing. The index shows the location ofthe function in the gprof listing. If the index isin parenthesis it shows where it would appear inthe gprof listing if it were to be printed.Copyright (C) 2012-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification,
are permitted in any medium without royalty provided the copyright
notice and this notice are preserved.Call graph (explanation follows)granularity: each sample hit covers 2 byte(s) no time propagatedindex % time self children called name0.00 0.00 2048/2048 s_ring_buffer_unlock [2]
[1] 0.0 0.00 0.00 2048 s_log_safe_mutex_unlock [1]
-----------------------------------------------0.00 0.00 2/2048 s_ring_buffer_constructor [23]0.00 0.00 544/2048 s_ring_buffer_could_read_num_get [8]0.00 0.00 750/2048 s_ring_buffer_write_elements [14]0.00 0.00 752/2048 s_ring_buffer_read_elements [13]
[2] 0.0 0.00 0.00 2048 s_ring_buffer_unlock [2]0.00 0.00 2048/2048 s_log_safe_mutex_unlock [1]
-----------------------------------------------0.00 0.00 1294/1294 s_ring_buffer_lock [4]
[3] 0.0 0.00 0.00 1294 s_log_safe_mutex_lock [3]
-----------------------------------------------0.00 0.00 374/1294 s_ring_buffer_write_elements [14]0.00 0.00 376/1294 s_ring_buffer_read_elements [13]0.00 0.00 544/1294 s_ring_buffer_could_read_num_get [8]
[4] 0.0 0.00 0.00 1294 s_ring_buffer_lock [4]0.00 0.00 1294/1294 s_log_safe_mutex_lock [3]
-----------------------------------------------0.00 0.00 752/752 s_ring_buffer_try_lock [7]
[5] 0.0 0.00 0.00 752 s_log_safe_mutex_try_lock [5]
-----------------------------------------------0.00 0.00 752/752 s_log_safe_output [12]
[6] 0.0 0.00 0.00 752 s_log_strrchr [6]
-----------------------------------------------0.00 0.00 375/751 s_ring_buffer_write_elements [14]0.00 0.00 376/751 s_ring_buffer_read_elements [13]
[7] 0.0 0.00 0.00 751 s_ring_buffer_try_lock [7]0.00 0.00 752/752 s_log_safe_mutex_try_lock [5]
-----------------------------------------------0.00 0.00 78/544 s_log_safe_output_pool_used_get [15]0.00 0.00 466/544 s_log_safe_thread_exec_func [36]
[8] 0.0 0.00 0.00 544 s_ring_buffer_could_read_num_get [8]0.00 0.00 544/1294 s_ring_buffer_lock [4]0.00 0.00 544/2048 s_ring_buffer_unlock [2]
-----------------------------------------------0.00 0.00 11/383 thread_7_exec [50]0.00 0.00 22/383 thread_6_exec [49]0.00 0.00 33/383 thread_5_exec [48]0.00 0.00 43/383 thread_4_exec [47]0.00 0.00 55/383 thread_3_exec [46]0.00 0.00 66/383 thread_2_exec [45]0.00 0.00 76/383 thread_1_exec [44]0.00 0.00 77/383 thread_main_exec [51]
[9] 0.0 0.00 0.00 383 s_log_safe_out [9]0.00 0.00 374/374 s_ring_buffer_write_elements [14]
-----------------------------------------------0.00 0.00 376/376 s_log_print [11]
[10] 0.0 0.00 0.00 376 s_log_out_by_printf [10]
-----------------------------------------------0.00 0.00 376/376 s_log_safe_output [12]
[11] 0.0 0.00 0.00 376 s_log_print [11]0.00 0.00 376/376 s_log_out_by_printf [10]
-----------------------------------------------0.00 0.00 376/376 s_log_safe_thread_exec_func [36]
[12] 0.0 0.00 0.00 376 s_log_safe_output [12]0.00 0.00 752/752 s_log_strrchr [6]0.00 0.00 376/376 s_ring_buffer_read_elements [13]0.00 0.00 376/376 s_log_print [11]
-----------------------------------------------0.00 0.00 376/376 s_log_safe_output [12]
[13] 0.0 0.00 0.00 376 s_ring_buffer_read_elements [13]0.00 0.00 752/2048 s_ring_buffer_unlock [2]0.00 0.00 376/751 s_ring_buffer_try_lock [7]0.00 0.00 376/1294 s_ring_buffer_lock [4]
-----------------------------------------------0.00 0.00 374/374 s_log_safe_out [9]
[14] 0.0 0.00 0.00 374 s_ring_buffer_write_elements [14]0.00 0.00 750/2048 s_ring_buffer_unlock [2]0.00 0.00 375/751 s_ring_buffer_try_lock [7]0.00 0.00 374/1294 s_ring_buffer_lock [4]
-----------------------------------------------0.00 0.00 78/78 thread_main_exec [51]
[15] 0.0 0.00 0.00 78 s_log_safe_output_pool_used_get [15]0.00 0.00 78/544 s_ring_buffer_could_read_num_get [8]
-----------------------------------------------0.00 0.00 9/9 s_log_safe_thread_create [17]
[16] 0.0 0.00 0.00 9 get_thread_policy [16]
-----------------------------------------------0.00 0.00 1/9 s_log_safe_init [21]0.00 0.00 8/9 main [30]
[17] 0.0 0.00 0.00 9 s_log_safe_thread_create [17]0.00 0.00 9/9 get_thread_policy [16]
-----------------------------------------------0.00 0.00 2/2 s_ring_buffer_lock_create [19]
[18] 0.0 0.00 0.00 2 s_log_safe_mutex_create [18]
-----------------------------------------------0.00 0.00 2/2 s_ring_buffer_constructor [23]
[19] 0.0 0.00 0.00 2 s_ring_buffer_lock_create [19]0.00 0.00 2/2 s_log_safe_mutex_create [18]
-----------------------------------------------0.00 0.00 1/1 s_log_safe_init [21]
[20] 0.0 0.00 0.00 1 s_log_safe_constructor [20]0.00 0.00 1/1 s_ring_buffer_constructor [23]
-----------------------------------------------0.00 0.00 1/1 main [30]
[21] 0.0 0.00 0.00 1 s_log_safe_init [21]0.00 0.00 1/1 s_log_safe_constructor [20]0.00 0.00 1/9 s_log_safe_thread_create [17]
-----------------------------------------------0.00 0.00 1/1 thread_main_exec [51]
[22] 0.0 0.00 0.00 1 s_log_safe_output_pool_cap_get [22]
-----------------------------------------------0.00 0.00 1/1 s_log_safe_constructor [20]
[23] 0.0 0.00 0.00 1 s_ring_buffer_constructor [23]0.00 0.00 2/2 s_ring_buffer_lock_create [19]0.00 0.00 2/2048 s_ring_buffer_unlock [2]0.00 0.00 1/1 s_ring_buffer_element_pool_constructor_malloc [24]
-----------------------------------------------0.00 0.00 1/1 s_ring_buffer_constructor [23]
[24] 0.0 0.00 0.00 1 s_ring_buffer_element_pool_constructor_malloc [24]
-----------------------------------------------This table describes the call tree of the program, and was sorted bythe total amount of time spent in each function and its children.Each entry in this table consists of several lines. The line with theindex number at the left hand margin lists the current function.The lines above it list the functions that called this function,and the lines below it list the functions this one called.This line lists:index A unique number given to each element of the table.Index numbers are sorted numerically.The index number is printed next to every function name soit is easier to look up where the function is in the table.% time This is the percentage of the total time that was spentin this function and its children. Note that due todifferent viewpoints, functions excluded by options, etc,these numbers will NOT add up to 100%.self This is the total amount of time spent in this function.children This is the total amount of time propagated into thisfunction by its children.called This is the number of times the function was called.If the function called itself recursively, the numberonly includes non-recursive calls, and is followed bya and the number of recursive calls.name The name of the current function. The index number isprinted after it. If the function is a member of acycle, the cycle number is printed between thefunctions name and the index number.For the functions parents, the fields have the following meanings:self This is the amount of time that was propagated directlyfrom the function into this parent.children This is the amount of time that was propagated fromthe functions children into this parent.called This is the number of times this parent called thefunction / the total number of times the functionwas called. Recursive calls to the function are notincluded in the number after the /.name This is the name of the parent. The parents indexnumber is printed after it. If the parent is amember of a cycle, the cycle number is printed betweenthe name and the index number.If the parents of the function cannot be determined, the wordspontaneous is printed in the name field, and all the otherfields are blank.For the functions children, the fields have the following meanings:self This is the amount of time that was propagated directlyfrom the child into the function.children This is the amount of time that was propagated from thechilds children to the function.called This is the number of times the function calledthis child / the total number of times the childwas called. Recursive calls by the child are notlisted in the number after the /.name This is the name of the child. The childs indexnumber is printed after it. If the child is amember of a cycle, the cycle number is printedbetween the name and the index number.If there are any cycles (circles) in the call graph, there is anentry for the cycle-as-a-whole. This entry shows who called thecycle (as parents) and the members of the cycle (as children.)The recursive calls entry shows the number of function calls thatwere internal to the cycle, and the calls entry for each member shows,for that member, how many times it was called from other members ofthe cycle.Copyright (C) 2012-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification,
are permitted in any medium without royalty provided the copyright
notice and this notice are preserved.Index by function name[16] get_thread_policy (s_log_safe_platform.c) [1] s_log_safe_mutex_unlock [8] s_ring_buffer_could_read_num_get[10] s_log_out_by_printf [9] s_log_safe_out [24] s_ring_buffer_element_pool_constructor_malloc[11] s_log_print [12] s_log_safe_output (s_log_safe.c) [4] s_ring_buffer_lock[20] s_log_safe_constructor (s_log_safe.c) [22] s_log_safe_output_pool_cap_get [19] s_ring_buffer_lock_create[21] s_log_safe_init [15] s_log_safe_output_pool_used_get [13] s_ring_buffer_read_elements[18] s_log_safe_mutex_create [17] s_log_safe_thread_create [7] s_ring_buffer_try_lock[3] s_log_safe_mutex_lock [6] s_log_strrchr [2] s_ring_buffer_unlock[5] s_log_safe_mutex_try_lock [23] s_ring_buffer_constructor [14] s_ring_buffer_write_elements
f、 生成调用图
gprof2dot -e0 -n0 profile.txt profile.dot
dot profile.dot -Tpng -o profile.png通过 gprof2dot 和 dot 工具能够将 profile.txt 文件转换为 更直观的 图片。
如果没有安装 gprof2dot 和 dot 工具可以通过以下命令进行安装
sudo apt-get install graphvizpip3 install gprof2dotg、 查看调用图
通过上述操作最终生成了 profile.png 文件最终的调用图如下图所示 从该图中就比较直观的看到了调用流程和调用次数 4 小结
上述的通过 gprof 和相关工具 对目标程序 进行 性能分析是日常开发过程中常用的一种方式。
