绪论

Linux一切皆文件!
文件对应的操作有打开，关闭，读写设备节点对应的操作有打开，关闭，读写

1.如果我在应用层使用系统0 对设备节点进行打开，关闭，读写等操作会发生什么呢?

当我们在应用层 read 设备节点的时候，就会触发我们驱动里面read 这个函数

ssize t (*read) (struct file *, char  user *, size t, loff t *);

当我们在应用层 write 设备节点的时候，就会触发我们驱动里面 write 这个函数

ssize t (*write) (struct file *, const char  user *, size t, loff t *);

unsigned int (*poll) (struct file *, struct poll table struct *);

long (*unlocked ioctl) (struct file *, unsigned int, unsigned long);

int (*open) (struct inode *, struct file *);

int (*release) (struct inode *, struct file *);

2 我们的应用层和内核层是不能直接进行数据传输的

如下两个代码实现了数据的交互

static inline long copy from user(void *to, const void user * from, unsigned long n)
static inline long copy to user(voiduser *to, const void *from, unsigned long n)

3 驱动部分的代码

#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/miscdevice.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>	
#include <linux/uaccess.h>int misc_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{printk("misc_open\n");return 0;
}int misc_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{printk("misc_release\n");return 0;}ssize_t misc_read(struct file *file,char __user *ubuf,size_t size,loff_t *loff_t)
{char kbuf[512] = "haha";if(copy_to_user(ubuf,kbuf,strlen(kbuf))!=0){printk("error copying\n");return -1;}return 0;}ssize_t misc_write(struct file *file,const char __user *ubuf,size_t size,loff_t *loff_t)
{char kbuf[512] = {0};	if(copy_from_user(kbuf,ubuf,size)!= 0){printk("misc_write error\n");return -1;}printk("kbuf = %s\n",kbuf);return 0;}struct file_operations misc_fops = {.owner	= THIS_MODULE,.open	= misc_open,.release = misc_release,.read	= misc_read,.write	= misc_write
};struct miscdevice misc_dev = 
{.minor = MISC_DYNAMIC_MINOR,.name = "hello_misc",.fops = &misc_fops
};//drivers for init
static int misc_init(void)
{int ret = 0;ret = misc_register(&misc_dev);if(ret<0) {printk("misc_register is failed\n");return -1;}printk("misc registe is succeed \n");return 0;
}//drivers for exit 
static void misc_exit(void)
{
//misc_deregister(&misc_dev);printk("misc exit \n");}module_init(misc_init);
module_exit(misc_exit);MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");

4 应用代码

write就是实现了write的功能
read 函数就是实现了read的功能

#include "stdio.h"
#include "unistd.h"
#include "sys/types.h"
#include "sys/stat.h"
#include "fcntl.h"
#include "stdlib.h"
#include "string.h"/** @description		: main主程序* @param - argc 	: argv数组元素个数* @param - argv 	: 具体参数* @return 			: 0 成功;其他 失败*/
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{int fd;char buf[64] = "12345";//fd = open(argv[1], O_RDONLY);fd = open("/dev/hello_misc", O_RDWR);if(fd < 0){perror("open error");return fd;}//write(fd,buf,sizeof(buf));//printf("buf is %s\n",buf);write(fd,buf,sizeof(buf));close(fd);return 0;
}

5 编译以及运行代码

编译app代码

arm-buildroot-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -o miscApp miscApp.c

挂载nfs盘

mount -t nfs -o nolock,vers=3 192.168.5.15:/home/book/nfs_rootfs /mnt

移动到mnt目录

cd /mnt

删除文件

rm -f + chrdevbase.ko

移动代码

cp miscApp /home/book/nfs_rootfs/

允许printk输出

echo "7 4 1 7"> /proc/sys/kernel/printk

安装驱动

insmod chrdevbase.ko

列出驱动

lsmod

删除驱动

remmod

运行代码

./miscApp