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前言：
在我们数据库中，存在很多的敏感数据，如用户表中，存在用户电话、身份证号、邮箱等属于用户的敏感信息，我们通常在存入数据库后，将其进行加密存储，以此来保证数据安全性。
加密的方式有很多，如摘要加密、对称加密、非对称加密等，这里不做描述。因为我们的数据加密存储后，查询出来还需解密进行显示，我们使用对称加密的方式来实现加密。
常用的对称加密有DES、AES、3DES以及国密算法SM4等。前者我们比较推荐使用AES，那么我们这次的对称加密实现将使用Aes以及SM4。
而对于代码来说，我们在存储时需要加密，查询时又需要解密，如果每个方法我们都去这样操作，冗余代码会非常的多，是非常不合适的。因为我们集成的是Mybatis-plus框架，我们可以自定义TypeHandler字段类型处理器来实现我们这一需求。类型处理器（TypeHandler）扮演着 JavaType 与 JdbcType 之间转换的桥梁角色。它们用于在执行 SQL 语句时，将 Java 对象的值设置到 PreparedStatement 中，或者从 ResultSet 或 CallableStatement 中取出值。在类型处理器中，我们针对特定字段集成加解密的逻辑即可。
本项目代码已上传至gitee Omni-Admin
1. 定义EncryptHandler字段类型处理器。
package com.omni.admin.mybatis;import com.omni.admin.context.SpringContext;
import com.omni.admin.encryption.EncryptionTypeEnum;
import com.omni.admin.encryption.symmetricalencryption.SymmetricalEncryption;
import com.omni.admin.encryption.symmetricalencryption.SymmetricalEncryptionFactory;
import com.omni.admin.properties.EncryptionProperties;
import org.apache.ibatis.type.BaseTypeHandler;
import org.apache.ibatis.type.JdbcType;
import java.sql.CallableStatement;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;/*** 数据加解密拦截*/
public class EncryptHandler extends BaseTypeHandler<String> {@Overridepublic void setNonNullParameter(PreparedStatement ps, int i, String parameter, JdbcType jdbcType) throws SQLException {ps.setString(i, encrypt(parameter));}@Overridepublic String getNullableResult(ResultSet rs, String columnName) throws SQLException {return decrypt(rs.getString(columnName));}@Overridepublic String getNullableResult(ResultSet rs, int columnIndex) throws SQLException {return decrypt(rs.getString(columnIndex));}@Overridepublic String getNullableResult(CallableStatement cs, int columnIndex) throws SQLException {return decrypt(cs.getString(columnIndex));}/*** 加密* */private String encrypt(String params){EncryptionProperties encryptionProperties = SpringContext.getBean(EncryptionProperties.class);Boolean enableStorage = encryptionProperties.getEnableStorage();if (Boolean.FALSE.equals(enableStorage)) return params;SymmetricalEncryption symmetricalEncryption = getSymmetricalEncryption(encryptionProperties.getStorageEncryption());return symmetricalEncryption.encrypt(params);}/*** 解密*/private String decrypt(String params){EncryptionProperties encryptionProperties = SpringContext.getBean(EncryptionProperties.class);Boolean enableStorage = encryptionProperties.getEnableStorage();if (Boolean.FALSE.equals(enableStorage)) return params;SymmetricalEncryption symmetricalEncryption = getSymmetricalEncryption(encryptionProperties.getStorageEncryption());return symmetricalEncryption.decrypt(params);}private SymmetricalEncryption getSymmetricalEncryption(EncryptionTypeEnum encryptionTypeEnum){return SymmetricalEncryptionFactory.getSymmetricalEncryption(encryptionTypeEnum);}
}2. 使用该处理器
我们以用户实体为例，当中有电话、身份证号和你邮箱。在@TableField注解中，加入EncryptHandler类型处理器即可。另外还需在@TableName注解中，添加autoResultMap = true属性，这样在查询时才能进行解密。
@EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper = true)
@Data
@TableName(value = "omni_user_info",autoResultMap = true)
public class UserInfo extends BaseEntity {/*** 用户电话*/@Sensitize(rule = SensitizeRuleEnums.MOBILE_PHONE)@TableField(value = "F_PHONE",typeHandler = EncryptHandler.class)private String phone;/*** 用户邮箱*/@TableField(value = "F_EMAIL",typeHandler = EncryptHandler.class)private String email;/*** 用户身份证*/@TableField(value = "F_ID_CARD",typeHandler = EncryptHandler.class)private String idCard;}
3. 查看效果
我们可在看到数据库中目前存储的就是密文了。
4. 加密的实现
这里我们考虑到设计以及后续的拓展性，我们对称加密的实现将会有多个，使用工厂模式来设计编码。
4.1 创建对称机密接口类SymmetricalEncryption
该接口空中提供了加密接口和解密接口，由子类去实现。
package com.omni.admin.encryption.symmetricalencryption;public interface SymmetricalEncryption {/*** 加密* @param plaintext 明文* @param key 密钥* @return 加密后的值*/String encrypt(String plaintext, String key);/*** 加密* @param plaintext 明文* @return 加密后的值*/String encrypt(String plaintext);/*** 解密* @param ciphertext 密文* @param key 密钥* @return 解密后的明文*/String decrypt(String ciphertext, String key);/*** 解密* @param ciphertext 密文* @return 解密后的明文*/String decrypt(String ciphertext);
}4.2 AES加解密实现SymmetricalEncryptionAes类
maven依赖
<dependency><groupId>org.bouncycastle</groupId><artifactId>bcprov-jdk15on</artifactId><version>1.70</version></dependency>
4.3 加解密工具类EncryptUtils
package com.omni.admin.utils;import com.omni.admin.exception.ExceptionStatus;
import com.omni.admin.exception.OmniException;
import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;
import org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.security.Security;public class EncryptUtils {static{Security.addProvider(new BouncyCastleProvider());}private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(EncryptUtils.class);public static String sm4Encrypt(String plainString, String key) {return encrypt(plainString,key,"SM4");}public static String aesEncrypt(String plainString, String key) {return encrypt(plainString,key,"AES");}public static String sm4Decrypt(String plainString, String key) {return decrypt(plainString,key,"SM4");}public static String aesDecrypt(String plainString, String key) {return decrypt(plainString,key,"AES");}private static String encrypt(String plainString, String key,String algorithm) {try {// 创建密钥规范SecretKeySpec secretKeySpec = new SecretKeySpec(key.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), algorithm);// 获取Cipher对象实例（BC中SM4默认使用ECB模式和PKCS5Padding填充方式，因此下列模式和填充方式无需指定）Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(algorithm + "/ECB/PKCS5Padding");// 初始化Cipher为加密模式cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, secretKeySpec);// 获取加密byte数组byte[] cipherBytes = cipher.doFinal(plainString.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));// 输出为Base64编码return Base64.encodeBase64String(cipherBytes);} catch (Exception e) {log.error(e.getMessage(), e);throw new OmniException(ExceptionStatus.ENCRYPT_ERROR);}}private static String decrypt(String ciphertext, String key,String algorithm) {try {// 创建密钥规范SecretKeySpec secretKeySpec = new SecretKeySpec(key.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), algorithm);// 获取Cipher对象实例（Java8中AES默认使用ECB模式和PKCS5Padding填充方式，因此下列模式和填充方式无需指定）Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(String.format("%s/ECB/PKCS5Padding", algorithm));// 初始化Cipher为解密模式cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, secretKeySpec);// 获取加密byte数组byte[] cipherBytes = cipher.doFinal(Base64.decodeBase64(ciphertext));// 输出为字符串return new String(cipherBytes);} catch (Exception e) {log.error(e.getMessage(), e);throw new OmniException(ExceptionStatus.ENCRYPT_ERROR);}}
}package com.omni.admin.encryption.symmetricalencryption;
import com.omni.admin.utils.EncryptUtils;public class SymmetricalEncryptionAes implements SymmetricalEncryption {public static final String KEY = "cf410532f92a47de";@Overridepublic String encrypt(String plaintext, String key) {return EncryptUtils.aesEncrypt(plaintext,key);}@Overridepublic String encrypt(String plaintext) {return encrypt(plaintext, KEY);}@Overridepublic String decrypt(String ciphertext, String key) {return EncryptUtils.aesDecrypt(ciphertext,key);}@Overridepublic String decrypt(String ciphertext) {return decrypt(ciphertext, KEY);}
}
4.4 国密算法SymmetricalEncryptionSM4类
package com.omni.admin.encryption.symmetricalencryption;import com.omni.admin.utils.EncryptUtils;public class SymmetricalEncryptionSM4 implements SymmetricalEncryption {public static final String KEY = "cf410532f92a47de";@Overridepublic String encrypt(String plaintext, String key) {return EncryptUtils.sm4Encrypt(plaintext,key);}@Overridepublic String encrypt(String plaintext) {return encrypt(plaintext, KEY);}@Overridepublic String decrypt(String ciphertext, String key) {return EncryptUtils.sm4Decrypt(ciphertext,key);}@Overridepublic String decrypt(String ciphertext) {return decrypt(ciphertext, KEY);}
}
4.5 加解密工厂类SymmetricalEncryptionFactory
package com.omni.admin.encryption.symmetricalencryption;import com.omni.admin.encryption.EncryptionTypeEnum;
import com.omni.admin.exception.ExceptionStatus;
import com.omni.admin.exception.OmniException;public class SymmetricalEncryptionFactory {private SymmetricalEncryptionFactory() {}public static SymmetricalEncryption getSymmetricalEncryption(EncryptionTypeEnum encryptionType) {if (EncryptionTypeEnum.AES.equals(encryptionType)){return new SymmetricalEncryptionAes();}if (EncryptionTypeEnum.SM4.equals(encryptionType)){return new SymmetricalEncryptionSM4();}throw new OmniException(ExceptionStatus.NOT_FOUND_SIGNATURE);}
}4.6 枚举类
package com.omni.admin.encryption;import lombok.Getter;@Getter
public enum EncryptionTypeEnum {MD5("md5"),SHA256("sha256"),SM3("sm3"),AES("AES"),SM4("SM4");private final String type;EncryptionTypeEnum(String type) {this.type = type;}
}5. 加解密类型的配置化EncryptionProperties
package com.omni.admin.properties;import com.omni.admin.encryption.EncryptionTypeEnum;
import lombok.Data;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;@Data
@Configuration
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "omni.encryption")
public class EncryptionProperties {/*** 是否开启数据签名*/private Boolean enableSign = true;/*** 是否开启存储加密*/private Boolean enableStorage = true;/*** 签名加密算法*/private EncryptionTypeEnum signAlgorithm = EncryptionTypeEnum.SM3;/*** 存储加密算法*/private EncryptionTypeEnum storageEncryption = EncryptionTypeEnum.SM4;
}