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网站搭建服务,app开发公司有哪些,微商城手机网站制作,无锡定制网站制作公司什么是网络编程计算机与计算机之间通过网络进行数据传输两种软件架构网络编程3要素 IP IPv4 IPv6 Testpublic void test01() throws UnknownHostException { // InetAddress.getByName 可以是名字或ipInetAddress address InetAddress.getByName("LAPTOP-7I…

什么是网络编程

计算机与计算机之间通过网络进行数据传输

两种软件架构

网络编程3要素

IP

IPv4

IPv6

    @Testpublic void test01() throws UnknownHostException {
//        InetAddress.getByName 可以是名字或ipInetAddress address = InetAddress.getByName("LAPTOP-7IJTG2U2");System.out.println(address);String hostName = address.getHostName();System.out.println(hostName);String ip = address.getHostAddress();System.out.println(ip);}

端口号

协议

OSI参考模型

TCP/IP协议

UDP

发送数据，接收数据

代码

    /*54321端口发送数据到12345端口，从12345端口取出数据*/@Testpublic void UDP_Send() throws IOException {//1.创建DatagramSocket对象（快递公司）//空参：绑定随机端口DatagramSocket ds = new DatagramSocket(54321);//2.打包数据byte[] data="测试UDP".getBytes();InetAddress address = InetAddress.getByName("LAPTOP-7IJTG2U2");int port=12345;DatagramPacket dp = new DatagramPacket(data,data.length,address,12345);//发送数据，释放资源ds.send(dp);//向名为“LAPTOP-7IJTG2U2”的计算机的12345端口发送数据ds.close();}@Testpublic void UDP_Receive() throws IOException {//创建DatagramSocket对象，绑定端口12345，因为数据被发送到12345端口DatagramSocket ds = new DatagramSocket(12345);InetAddress address = InetAddress.getByName("LAPTOP-7IJTG2U2");byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];DatagramPacket dp = new DatagramPacket(bytes,bytes.length);System.out.println("12345端口等待接收数据中");ds.receive(dp);System.out.println("12345端口接收到数据");byte[] data = dp.getData();String s = new String(data,0,dp.getLength());System.out.println("从ip:"+dp.getAddress()+"的"+dp.getPort()+"端口获取到数据:"+s);}

先运行UDP_Receive，会阻塞在ds.receive ，再运行UDP_Send发送数据

运行结果

12345端口等待接收数据中
12345端口接收到数据
从ip:/192.168.123.1的54321端口获取到数据:测试UDPProcess finished with exit code 0

UDP案例：聊天室

需求

发送（聊天室里面的人）

public class RoomSend {public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {DatagramSocket ds = new DatagramSocket();Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);InetAddress address = InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1");int port=12345;while (true){System.out.println("请输入:");String str = sc.next();if("886".equals(str)){break;}byte[] bytes = str.getBytes();DatagramPacket dp = new DatagramPacket(bytes, bytes.length, address, port);ds.send(dp);}ds.close();}
}

接收（聊天室）

public class RoomReceive {public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {DatagramSocket ds = new DatagramSocket(12345);byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];DatagramPacket dp = new DatagramPacket(bytes, 0,bytes.length);while (true){ds.receive(dp);System.out.println(dp.getAddress()+"--"+dp.getPort()+"--"+new String(dp.getData(),0,dp.getLength()));}}
}

允许创建多个RoomSend

测试

TCP

发送数据,接收数据

服务端

public class Server {public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {//1.创建ServerSocket对象ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(10000);//2.监听客户端的链接，没有客户端链接会一直卡在这里，有客户端连接返回socket对象Socket socket = ss.accept();//3.获取输入流，读数据int b;BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));while ((b=br.read())!=-1){System.out.print((char)b);}//4.释放资源br.close();socket.close();//ss.close();   //客户端不关闭}
}

客户端

public class Client {public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {//1.创建socket对象，连接不到服务器的端口10000会报错Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 10000);//2.获取socket对象的输出流，输出数据OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream();os.write("我测".getBytes());//3.释放资源os.close();socket.close();}
}

TCP的三次握手和四次挥手

三次握手

四次挥手

练习

接收并反馈信息

上传文件

服务端

public class Server {public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(10000);Socket socket = ss.accept();InputStream is = socket.getInputStream();BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(is);BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("D:\\java_workspace\\demo3\\src\\main\\java\\com\\example\\upload\\copy.png"));int len;byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];while ((len=bis.read(bytes))!=-1){bos.write(bytes,0,len);}bos.close();bis.close();socket.close();ss.close();System.out.println("传输完成");}
}

客户端

public class Client {public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(new File("D:\\java_workspace\\demo3\\src\\main\\java\\com\\example\\upload\\img.png"));BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(fis);int len;byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 10000);OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream();while ((len= fis.read(bytes))!=-1){os.write(bytes,0,len);}fis.close();socket.shutdownOutput();os.close();socket.close();}
}

上传文件（线程版）

服务端

public class TCPServer {public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(10000);while (true){Socket socket = ss.accept();new Thread(new MyRunnable(socket)).start();}}
}

public class MyRunnable implements Runnable{private Socket socket;public MyRunnable(Socket socket) {this.socket = socket;}@Overridepublic void run() {try {InputStream is = socket.getInputStream();BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(is);BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("D:\\java_workspace\\demo3\\src\\main\\java\\com\\example\\upload\\" + UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", "") + ".png"));int len;byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];while ((len = bis.read(bytes)) != -1) {bos.write(bytes, 0, len);}bos.close();bis.close();socket.close();System.out.println("传输完成");} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}
}

客户端

public class TCPClient {public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException {FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(new File("D:\\java_workspace\\demo3\\src\\main\\java\\com\\example\\upload\\img.png"));BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(fis);int len;byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 10000);OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream();while ((len = fis.read(bytes)) != -1) {os.write(bytes, 0, len);}Thread.sleep(5000);fis.close();socket.shutdownOutput();os.close();socket.close();}
}

上传文件（线程池版）

服务端

public class TCPServer {private static ThreadPoolExecutor myThreadPool = new ThreadPoolExecutor(4,//核心线程数17,//最大线程数1,//空闲线程最大存活时间TimeUnit.MINUTES,//时间单位new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(2),//长度为3的等待队列Executors.defaultThreadFactory(),//创建线程工厂new ThreadPoolExecutor.AbortPolicy()//设置拒绝策略：丢弃任务并抛出异常);public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(10000);while (true){Socket socket = ss.accept();TCPServer.myThreadPool.submit(new MyRunnable(socket));
//            new Thread(new MyRunnable(socket)).start();}}
}